FORESTRY. 965 



The relative value of different kinds of trees is discussed, the cost of 

 planting, distances, and some of the insect enemies of forest trees are 

 mentioned. 



Preserving timber for estate and other purposes, J). F. Mac- 

 kenzie (Trans. Highland and Ayr. Sac. Scotland, 5. ser., 10 (1898), pp. 

 1-26, fig*. 13). — The author describes various kinds of timber and gives 

 in some detail methods for preserving the same. The ingredients chiefly 

 used are vegetable oils and tar mixed together, creosote, copper sul- 

 phate, iron sulphate, zinc chlorid, sodium chlorid, mercury bichlorid, 

 calcium chlorid, and other ingredients such as carbolic acid, arsenical 

 acids, lead acetate, and barium sulphurate. The methods described 

 are immersion in a solution of chlorid of zinc, immersion in corrosive 

 sublimate, a solution of copper sulphate applied under pressure, a solu 

 tion of iron sulphate combined with a solution of barium or calcium 

 injected into the wood; the creosote process and a process called 

 thermo-carbolization. This last process consists of the treatment of 

 wood with carburated steam in order to extract the natural sap and 

 free water and at the same time charge the vessels or pores with a 

 preserving agent. The cost of the different methods is given and the 

 special advantages of each discussed. 



Cultivated shade and forest trees, B. C. Buffum [Wyoming Sta. 

 Bid. 38, pp. 34, pis. 12). — The general forestry conditions of the State 

 are briefly stated and the danger of extinction of native forests, the 

 necessity for tbeir preservation, and the influence of the trees on the 

 growth of plants are pointed out. Suggestions are given for the plant- 

 ing and care of trees, and some experiments which have been carried 

 on by the station are reviewed. It appears that at high elevations 

 sudden frosts in the fall arrest the growth of many trees before they 

 have ripened their wood. On this account some of the slow growing 

 varieties, such as hardwood trees, fail to increase in size above the 

 ground because each season's growth dies back to the original stem or 

 to the top of the ground in the fall or winter. This has occurred year 

 after year with ash, elm, and honey locust and sometimes with the wil- 

 lows where no protection was given them. 



Detailed notes are given of the relative value of a number of trees for 

 forest as well as ornamental planting in Wyoming. Arranged in the 

 order of their hardiness, the list of trees which have been tested in the 

 State is as follows: Cottonwood, willow, silver spruce, Douglas spruce, 

 box elder, hardy apples, dwarf cherry, silver maple, cedar, white ash, 

 green ash, locust, elm, Morello cherries, plums, mountain ash, soft 

 maple, black walnut, butternut, birch, mulberry, catalpa. 



A number of insect enemies which are liable to be met with are men- 

 tioned and remedies suggested for their destruction. 



The home nursery in forestry, A.C.Forbes (Gard. Chron.,8. ser., 25 (1899), No. 

 638, pp. 163, 164).— The advantages of a home nursery are pointed out and sugges- 

 tions given for its management. 



Concerning the American red cedar (Oesterr. Font. u. Jagdw. Ztg., 17 {1899), No% 

 8, p. 60). — Notes are given on Juniperus virginiana. 



