FIELD CROPS. 1035 



ley, 47 bu. of six-rowed barley, 30 bu. of spring wheat, 40 bu. of peas, 

 22 tons of silage corn, 33 tons of turnips, 33 tons of inangel-wurzels, 

 25 tons of carrots, 24 tons of sugar beets, and 453 bu. of potatoes. 



The varieties of different crops which have given the best average 

 yields at the several experimental farms during the past 4 years, in the 

 order of their productiveness, are as follows : 



Oats. — Banner, American Beauty, Columbus, Golden Beauty, Bavarian, Holsteiu 

 Prolific, White Schonen, Early Golden Prolific, Wallis, Abundance, Golden Giant, 

 and White Russian. Two-rowed barley. — French Chevalier, Danish Chevalier, Beaver, 

 Canadian Thorpe, Newton, and Prize Prolific. Six-rowed barley. — Mensury, Odessa, 

 Trooper, Common, Royal, and Oderhruch. Spring wheat. — Preston, Wellman Fife, 

 Monarch, Percy, Red Fife, White Fife, White Connell, Rio Grande, Goose, Red Fern, 

 Old Red River, and Advance. Potatoes. — Irish Daisy, Seedling 230, Late Puritan, 

 American Wonder, Reading Giant, New Variety No. 1, Lee Favorite, Empire State, 

 State of Maine, McKenzie, Clark No. 1, and Queen of the Valley. 



The approximate average yields of these varieties of oats, two-rowed 

 barley, six-rowed barley, spring wheat, and potatoes was 67, 34, 40, 29, 

 and 343 bu. per acre respectively. 



The varieties of peas, mangel-wurzels, and carrots giving the best 

 average yields for 3 years at all the experimental farms were as follows : 



Peas. — Crown, Carleton, Pride, New Potter, Prince Albert, Arthur, Centennial, 

 Paragon, Creeper, Trilby, Duke, and Kent. Mangel-wurzel*. — Kate Post, Giant 

 Yellow Intermediate, Yellow Intermediate, Giant Yellow Globe, Mammoth Long 

 Red, and Canada Giant. Carrots. — Improved Short White, Half Long White, Giant 

 White Vosges, Mammoth White Intermediate, Iverson, Champion, and White 

 Belgian. 



The approximate average yields of these varieties of peas, mangel- 

 wurzels, and carrots were 34 bu., 30 tons, and 18 tons per acre 

 respectively. 



The effect of different methods of culture on the yield of mangel- 

 wurzels, E. Wollny (Bl. Zuckerriibenbau, 5 [1898),No. 15, pp. 225-232; 

 K>,pp. 211-248). — Ridge and level culture were compared, and a method, 

 which consisted in making broad and flat-topped ridges along the mid- 

 dle of which the seed was planted and then level cultivation given, 

 was tried. The data obtaiued show that the temperature of the ridged 

 soil was higher and subject to greater variations than the soil which 

 was given level cultivation; that the ridged surface had the smaller 

 water content; and that the effect of drought is most marked on soils 

 of a comparatively small water-holding capacity. It was found that 

 ridges running north and south had a higher and less variable tem- 

 perature than ridges extending east and west. The author concludes 

 that ridge culture and growing plants on broad and flat ridges is 

 advisable only on soils with large water-holding capacity and in moist 

 climates. The general conclusion is that growing beets on broad and 

 flat-topped ridges with level cultivation in a mild and moist climate 

 and on soils of medium to large water-holding capacity is preferable to 

 the ordinary ridge culture. 



