1050 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



size of tlie autumn growth. The production of berries was very small, 

 nearly all the plants appearing as if they were stain in ate. This excep- 

 tion to the general rale, that when the life of an individual is in danger 

 there is an attempt to reproduce by seed, does not seem to arise so 

 much from the rust actually blighting the flowers, but the flowers did 

 not form, and in the great majority of plants there was no sign of 

 reproduction. 



An account is given of fatal poisoning by eating Amanita phalloides. 

 The mushrooms were collected and eaten by mistake for innocuous 

 forms. 



Observations are recorded which tend to show that one fungus 

 may develop in its host immunity from the attacks of another. Thus 

 the common rust (Puccinia mamillata) of climbing smartweed was 

 nearly always absent from those plants which were infested with Usti- 

 lago anomala. The same thing was found to be true in case of smut- 

 ted specimens of Panicum sanguinale, the leaves of which are rarely 

 affected with Piricularia grisea, while the normal plants have the foli- 

 age quite generally spotted with it. It is further stated that while 

 fruiting radishes are frequently attacked by PeronoHpora parasitica, 

 and others close at hand by Cystopus candidus, it is seldom that both 

 fungi occur on the same individual. 



The author points out the effect of fungi on the autumn coloration of 

 foliage, stating that the common maple mildew ( Uncinula circinata) 

 causes the presence of green spots in the otherwise highly colored 

 foliage of autumn. 1 



A late growth of the bean mildew (Phyioph1or<t phaseoli) is reported, 

 in which the fungus is said to thrive upon the pods after the plants 

 have been killed by frosts. 



Mycological notes, B. D. Halsted (Bui. Torrey Bot. Club, 26(1899), 

 JVo. 2, pp. 7:2-78). — A number of miscellaneous notes are given of 

 observations and experiments made by the author at the New Jer- 

 sey Experiment Station. Among the more important is an account of 

 the use of lime for the prevention of club root of turnips. Five years' 

 experiments, in which air-slaked lime had been placed on the soil at the 

 rate of 150, 75, and 37i bu. per acre, are reviewed. The yield of sound 

 and diseased turnips for the different seasons is given, showing that 

 the larger amount of lime nearly prevented the development of the 

 club-root .fungus. On the untreated plats its presence was quite evi- 

 dent, as seen by the large proportion of clubbed roots. The author 

 states that from the tests of 5 years it seems probable that 35 bu. of 

 lime per acre is ample to keep club root from land even when a suscep- 

 tible crop is grown continuously. 



The artificial introduction of onion smut (Urocystis cepuUv) was 

 investigated. In the experiments, smut-infested soil was added to open 

 rows before any seed was sown. Two varieties were grown in alternate 



1 This phenomenon has been previously noted by Waite in Burrill and Earle's Para- 

 sitic Fungi of Illinois, pt. 2, p. 409. — Ed. 



