104 



in Texas, but also in other large regions of tlie Southwest, which have 

 a more or less similar flora. As far as practicable, the geographical 

 range of the diflerent species is indicated. This part, which embraces 

 only the Poljpetal*, contains descriptions of 7G5 species in 271 genera 

 belonging to 50 orders. The great orders are the Leguminosa?, repre- 

 sented by 203 species in 52 genera; Cactacea*, 71 species in 4 genera; 

 Malvaceae, 53 species in 14 genera; Umbellifera',50 species in 20 genera; 

 Cruciferffi, 48 species in IS genera ; Onagrariea', 38 species in G genera ; 

 llosacea', 28 species in 13 genera. The single plate accompanying this 

 bulletin illustrates T h el y podium va.seyi, Coulter. 



DIVISION OF FORESTRY. 



Bulletin No. 5. 



What is forestry? B. E. Fernow (pp. 52).— This is a popular 

 statement of the general i)rinciples of forestry, taken mainly from ad- 

 dresses delivered by the author before representative bodies. The sub- 

 ject is treated in three chapters, viz: The Forest and its Significance, 

 Forestry in a Wooded Country or Forestry Management, and Forest 

 Planting in a Treeless Country. The topics considered under forestry 

 in a wooded country are: The ol)jects of forest management, where forest 

 growth should be maintained, what forest management is and what 

 it is not, re|)roduction of trees, improvement of tree crop — thinning, 

 undergrowth, mixed growth — light inHuences, special considerations in 

 thinning, European government torestry, administrative considera- 

 tions, working plans, and profitableness of forest management. The 

 author takes a conservative view of the methods which should be 

 immediately adopted in this country for tlie management of our forests. 



Forestry in ;i wooded couutry means harvesting the wood crop in such a manner 

 that the forest will reproduce itself in the same if not fn snperior composition of 

 kinds. Reproduction then is the aim of the forest manager, iuul the dilVereiicc 

 between the work of the hiinber man and that of the forester consists mainly in this : 

 That the forester cuts liis trees with a view of securing valuable reproducti(m, while 

 the lumberman cuts without this view, or at least without the knowledge as to how 

 this reproduction can be secured and directed at will. * • * 



The administrative measures in vogue in European forest management we mny 

 perhaps not think desirable orsuitable to our country and conditions, but the tech- 

 nical mea.sures, as far as they are based upon natural laws and by experience proved 

 proper for the object in view, will have to be adopted, with the neces.sary moditica- 

 tions, if we wish to attain proper forest nuuiageuient. 



However, before we may apply the liner methods of forestry management as prac- 

 ticed abroad, it will be well enough to begin with common-sense management, which 

 consists in avoiding unnecessary waste, protecting against fire, keeping out cattle 

 where young growth is to be fostered, and not preventing by malpractice the natural 

 reforestation. 



The financial side of forestry abroad is illustrated in the following 

 table. The marked diftereuces iu expenditures and revenues are stated 



