171 



lime of m:itmiiig tlio Ix't-tli'S rxtiiuls over alxiiit 1 wcik, or :it most 10 days, the 

 noiiiml I weeks of tlic rosc.-biij; iuviisioii is accomiti'd for. Tlii' setlleiiu'iit of this 

 iimslinii is not iniiiiii)ortant, for it siiows tliat viy;oroiis iiicasiires for the (hstriic- 

 tion of llifse jjcsts, takiju early in Ihe st-ason of tlieii- apju-araiice, havt- a twofohl 

 advantage: They not only h'ssen or avert iniinediate injury. l>ut they also ]»revent 

 ()\ ijtosition, and thus lessen the next season's brood. 



[From oli.servations in dirtorent localities the author coni liidesj tiiat tlu- \vh<de of 

 the sandy re;j;ii)n of south Jersey is a vast linaMling ground for the larvje, tliat they 

 are scattered everywhere — comparatively abundant in cultivated ground and in light 

 meadow land, and rai'e in heavy or wet soil or in such as has a hard surface crust. 

 * * * In such lands as are i)lowed and cultivated, or are dres.seil with potash salts 

 or nitrate of soda, the larvae will not mature. Cultivation is therefore r)ne\ery 

 inijmrtant way of keejiing these pe.sts in check. 



I 'I'lic lift! history of the rose chafer is thus briefly stated :] The eggs are laid under 

 ground, singly, from the 10th to the l.'.">th of June or perhajis later. How long this 

 state lasts we do not know, but jirobabiy from 12 to 20 days. 'J'he larva feeds on the 

 roots of plants, preferably grass, in light soil, descends below frost line during win- 

 ter, ascends early in spring, and in April or in early May changes to a pupa. This 

 state lasts from 10 to 30 days according to weather, and then from May 19-27 the 

 beetles begin to transform and emerge, about 3 weeks being the life of an individual 

 insect. 



Ill (•((iiiu'ction with the disciissiou of remiMlies to bo ti.sod lor this insect, 

 IIk' bieathiiif? apparatus is described and iUustrated. Unsuccessful 

 exjieriiiients are reported witli London jnirple, ('opi)er mixtures, pyre- 

 thruni, kerosene enuilsion, kerosene extract of pyrethrnm, lime, tobacco, 

 acetic acid, quassia, digitalis, corrosive sublimate, muriate of auunouia, 

 cyanide of ]iotassium, Odorless Buij- Killer, slud«;ite or "zonionia," 

 kainit, and ahmi. Experiments with hot water (125° F.) indicated that 

 this is an eftectual remedy, provided the practical difficulties in the way 

 of the ai)plication of the water at the proper temperature can be over- 

 come. The ])lanting- of Spirwa and of blackberries as a means of attract- 

 in<i- the ro.se chafer from otlier plants the author thinks maybe (»f advan- 

 tage to a limited extent. His exi)erience leads him to the conclusion 

 " that mechanical means of destruction, sui)plemented by counter 

 attractives, can be relied upon in ordinary seasons to ])rotcct vine- 

 yards from the rose chafer." ]\Iodilications of the ordinary coHectiug 

 umbrellas are described and illustrated. The bagging; of grapes to pro- 

 tect tliem from the rose cliafcr, as well as from rot. is reconnnended. Xo 

 indications have been found that the rose chafer suffers from i»arasites. 



The following are among the pra«tical suggestions given in the bul- 

 letin: 



Trcvcnt the brceiling of the insects on your own land. This can be done by using 

 only the heaviest land for grass, and keeping .just .is little light land as possible in 

 sod. As the insects pupate e.-trly in May a thorough cnltivatiou of all the ground 

 tliat can be cultivated will turn nj) and destroy a large proportion in this stage. 

 Either late in fall or early in spring land should be ploAved and top-dressed with 

 kainit. Where light grass land is to be jmt into use, plowing at this time would be 

 most eflVctive in destroying the insects. Vineyards especially should be deeply and 

 thoroughly cultivated in May to turn up and destroy pupa». The cleaner the land 

 is kept the fewer insects will come to maturity. A great point is gained if the enemy 



