425 



at night, the longest period between milkings occurred during the 

 daytime. In accordance with this a somewhat larger amount of milk 

 was yielded at night than in the morning. From October 1 to April 1 

 the cows averaged 1,325 kg. of milk containing 41 kg. of fat per ani- 

 mal; and from April 1 to October 1 they averaged 1,519 kg. of milk 

 with 50.4 kg. of fat. These averages are said to be somewhat lower 

 than those observed during the i)revious year, but in both instances 

 the largest yield of milk and of fat occurred during the summer mouths. 

 In both years the largest average daily yield of milk per cow occurred 

 between April 1 and July 1. In the present experiment the average 

 percentage of solids in the milk of the entire herd was 11.755, of fat 

 3.214, and of soHds-not-fat 8.541 per cent. The specific gravity of the 

 milk at 15° C. ranged from 1.0275 to 1.0312, the fat content from 2.827 

 to 3.746, and the soUds from 10.857 to 12.380 per cent during the entire 

 year. The minimum specific gravity and percentages of fat and solids 

 were confined to the last few days of feeding4n the barn and tlie second 

 day after turning the cows out to pasture in the spring. The author 

 believes that without doubt the change from winter to summer food 

 afi'ected the general condition of a large number of the cows. The max- 

 imum daily yield of milk was reached May 30, averaging at that time 

 12.07 kg. per cow. As mentioned above, the yield of milk was smaller 

 in the morning than that at night, the difference being about 0.5 kg. 

 per cow ; and, as has often been observed in the case of the smaller 

 milkings, the morning's milk was richer than the evening's milk. In 

 the morning's milk the specific gravity averaged 0.00018, the fat 0.077, 

 the solids 0.136, and the soUds-not-fat 0.06 per cent higher than the 

 night's milk. 



The results of this investigation are summarized by the author in the 

 following general statements : 



(1) The milk of the larger milkings invariably showed a lower specific 

 gravity and a lower percentage of solids-not-fat than that from the 

 smaller milkings. (2) Taking the averages for the year, the milk from 

 the larger milkings was poorer in respect to every ingTedient than that 

 from smaller milkings, especially when the difference in the amount of 

 milk was over 0.5 kg. (3) In winter, however, the milk of the larger 

 milkings, even when the differences in quantity were very small, were 

 richer in solids and fat and the percentage of fat in the solids was 

 higher. (4) A rise or fall in the specific gravity accompanied an 

 increase or decrease in the content of solids-not-fat. 



