575 



In tlie experiments witli steers, of whicli there were fifteen, divided 

 into lots of five each, the rations were all richer in protein than WolfTs 

 standard, but only lot 3 had as much total nutrients as that standard 

 calls for. There was notably more increase in live weight with lots 2 

 and 3 than with lot 1, and that increase was greater as the protein and 

 the total amounts of nutrients increased. It is to be regretted that the 

 trials with corresponding increase of non-nitrogenous food could not be 

 carried out so as to compare the effects of wider and narrower rations 

 upon the increase in live weight. There is no proof here of any special 

 advantage in using such large proportions of nitrogenous foods. 



With sheep there were three exijeriments, each with thirty animals, 

 divided into three lots of ten animals each. 



In series L, with one-sided increase of protein, the smallest ration was 

 rich in protein, but small in amount as compared with Wolff's standard. 

 ^\llen nitrogenous foods were added so as to bring the total amount up 

 to that standard, the increase in weight was larger. Pecuniarily there 

 was loss throughout, but it was least with the largest ration. 



In series M, with one-sided increase of non-protein, the quantity was 

 large in the smallest ration, with the addition of non-nitrogenous food 5 

 there was, nevertheless, an increased gain in live weight, but the feed- 

 ing was not as profitable financially. 



In series K, also with one-sided increase of non-protein, the smallest 

 ration was likewise liberal. With the first addition of non-nitrogenous 

 food there was increased gain in weight, but where still more was 

 added the gain was not larger. In like manner the pecuniary gain was 

 larger with the second and smaller with the third than with the first. 

 On the whole the results seem to favor quantities fully as large or 

 larger and fully as rich or richer in protein than Wolff's standard. 



CONCLUSIONS FEOM EXPERIMENTS WITH WIDER VS. NARROWER AND 

 LARGER VS. SMALLER RATIONS. 



In discussing the experiments the authors lay stress upon the prac- 

 tical rather than the physiological outcome, and urge that the pecuni- 

 ary results are dependent upon the local conditions where they were 

 made. But, with the statements above given of the costs of feeding 

 stuffs and of care of the animals and the valuations of the products of 

 milk, meat, and manure, it is clear that even the financial outcome is 

 not devoid of general interest. 



The final conclusions are set forth essentially as follows : 



1. All the highly nitrogenous rations, including those with the very 

 high content of 4.4 pounds of digestible protein per day and per head of 

 cows and oxen and per ten head of sheep, proved profitable, while all 

 the rations with very large amounts of digestible non-protein gave 

 financially unfavorable results. 



2. The inferences are, (1) an excess of carbohydrates and fats is always 

 to be avoided in feeding whether it be for milk or fattening. According 



