855 



surface of the root. The stained areas are of considerable extent, and, as in the 

 former case, gradually blend with the normal ccdorless tissue. The orisjiu of these 

 blackish stains is undoubtedly entirely distinct from that of the reddish or scab 

 stains ; and attention is called to them in this connection in order to invite further 

 study. 



The scabs which arise before the beet is full grown may sometimes be checked in 

 their development, and in some cases may entirely disappear, except to leave a more 

 or less clean, well-marked scar. Such scars are generally somewhat sunken, and of 

 definite outline. * * * 



The scab is well distributed in this State, being received from various sections, 

 and also occurring upon the station grounds. It is also common in North Dakota, 

 and has been detected in a few instances in Iowa [as reported in Bulletin No. 15 of 

 the Iowa Station (see Experiment Station Record, vol. in, p. 783)]. 



TVatcr core spots. — The spots usually occur in the parenchj'matous tissue between 

 the fibrous riwg-s. They are generally sharply defined, and do not grade into the 

 adjoining tissues. They are colorless or of a pale yellowish tint, and turn black 

 upon immersion in alcohol, the rest of the beet remaining colorless. In size they 

 range from that of a i)in head to a half inch across, but are most commonly the size 

 and shape of a pea. While usually rounded masses, they may sometimes become 

 quite elongated in the direction of the axis of the root, and are rarely irregular in 

 form. 



The spots are entirely composed of parenchyma tissue, the cells of which have thin 

 walls and are apparently without vacuoles. A prominent nucleus with large nucle- 

 olus occupies the center of the cell. The cells measure, in the specimens examined, 

 0.03 to 0.075 mm. iu diameter, while the cells of the adjoining parenchyma measure 

 0.15 to 0.25 mm. in diameter, the measurements being taken iu transverse sections 

 of the root. 



Sometimes there are but one or two such spots in a root, but more usually there 

 are several, and in rare cases a dozen or more. 



There appears to be no parasitic organism, either animal or vegetable, associated 

 with them, and no explanation of their presence can be suggested. 



Kansas Station, Bulletin No. 30, December, 1891 (pp. 26). 



Field experiments with corn, C. C. Georgeson, M. S., F. C. 

 BuRTis, B. S., AND W. Shelton (pp. 181-207). — The experiments of 

 1801 reported in this bulletin include the following subjects: (1) Fre- 

 quency of cultivation; (2) time of harvesting for grain and fodder; (3) 

 large m-. small kernels for seed; (4) butt, middle, and tip kernels for 

 seed; (5) distance of planting for grain and fodder; (6) distance of 

 planting for silage; (7) removal of tassels; (8) plaster and oil meal as 

 fertilizers; (9) treatment of seed corn with creosote for smut; (10) test of 

 varieties. Previous experiments with corn were reported in the Annual 

 Reports of the station for 1888 and 1889 (see Experiment Station Bulle- 

 tin No. 2, part ii, p. 13, and Experiment Station Record, vol. it, p. 334). 

 In 1891 the meteorological conditions were ttivorable to the growth of 

 corn. Except in three cases the corn was gTown on clay loam soil. The 

 planting was done May 10-15. Except in the test of varieties, the corn 

 was planted in rows 3.5 feet apart, and the plants thinned to IC inches 

 apart in the rows. 



Frequency of cultivating (pp. 183, 184). — iJ^Totes and tabulated data 

 on an experiment with St. Charles corn on 30 twentieth-acre plats 



