54 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. I Vol. 36 



one-half more than dusting. Reports of extensive observations of the relative 

 efficiency of dusting and spraying by the Cornell Experiment Station have been 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 34, p. 738). 



[Work with cranberry insects in 1915], H. J. Fkaxklin (Massachusetts 

 Sta. Bui. J6S (1916), pp. 31-^3). — In referring to the loss caused by cranberry 

 insects during the year it is stated that that due to the fruit worm was consider- 

 ably more than in 1913 and 1914 but not as great as in some years. A span- 

 worm (Abhotana cleinataria), commonly observed on cranberry bogs in July, 

 was reared successfully, the moths emerging between May 20 and 27 from 

 pup£e formed between July 9 and 25 of the previous year. A batch of 432 eggs 

 was deposited by one of the reared moths about May 30, caterpillars emerging 

 therefrom on June 14. Pupation is said to take place at a maximum depth of 

 2 in. in the sand of breeding cans. While common on the bogs this insect has 

 not appeared in sufficient numbers to do any considerable injury. 



An ichneuraonid parasite (Amhlytclcs putns) was reared during the year in 

 small numbers from the green spanworm (Cymatophora siilphvrea), commonly 

 found late in May eating holes in the winter buds at the tips of the uprights. 

 An infestation by what appeared to be the cranberry rootworm (Rhabdopterus 

 picipes) was discovered in October on a bog at Wareham, some two acres hav- 

 ing shown more or less injury. In an examination of a bog in South Oarver it 

 was found that a small beetle (Crypioccphnlus incertus), present in great 

 numbers, was devouring the foliage. It Is pointed out that there are four ways 

 in which a bog may become infested with the gipsy moth. 



Records of the amount of the cranberry tip worm (Cecidomyia oxycoccana) 

 injury on 14 different bogs in 1914-15 and the effect of resanding are presented 

 in tabular form. There was not a single bog, a record of the 1914 examination 

 of which was kept, that after being resauded did not show a tremendous drop 

 in the amount of tip worm infestation. On the other hand, practically only 

 one bog that had not been resanded between September, 1914. and May, 1915, 

 failed to show an infestation eciual to or greater than that of 1914. 



No advantage was obtained from the sweetening of arsenical sprays with 

 saccharine in use against the black-head tire worm (Rhopobota vacciniana). 

 A heavy infestation by this pest on a bog at Wareham was greatly reduced by 

 the holding of a partial flowage until the first of July. 



In experimental work with the cranberry fruit worm (Mineola vaccinii), two 

 netting sacks, each containing 160 cocoons, were submerged in a pond in 3 ft. 

 of water on January 15. One of the sacks which was taken from the water on 

 iMarch 31 showed 40 per cent of the worms therein to be alive, almost a quar- 

 ter of them being quite active. Those in the second sack which was removed 

 from the water on May 20 were all found dead and most of them more or less 

 decomposed. The percentage of parasitism of this pest was considerably higher 

 than that of the previous year. Parasitism by Phanerotoma tibialis ranged 

 from 27 to 72 per cent on dry bogs and from almost none to about 22 per 

 cent on bogs that had the winter flowage held late. Parasitism by Pristo- 

 mcridia agilis ranged from 5 to about 38 per cent in fruit worms taken from 

 dry bogs and from none to about 7.5 in those from bogs that had the winter 

 flowage held late. The eggs of the fruit worm showed a range in parasitism 

 by Trichogrnmmn minuta from 42 to about 89 per cent on dry bogs and from 

 about 12 to 89 per cent on those with winter flowage. It is estimated that the 

 predacious and parasitic enemies of the fruit worm destroy not less than 97 

 per cent on some dry bogs and close to 90 per cent on some flowed bogs. 



Gonepteryx rhamni and Castnia therapon in New Jersey, H. B. Weiss 

 (Jour. Econ. Ent., 9 (1916), No. 3, p. 378).— An almost perfect female of O. 

 rhaiiiiii, known as the brimstone Imtterlly, was taken from a case of French 



