70 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.36 



tice may be successluUy carried on. It takes a little more feed to keep up the 

 necessary warmth, but against this extra cost may be placed the greater consti- 

 tution of the horses. 



Four lots of horses were fed as follows : Lot 1, oat straw, oat sheaves, oats, 

 and bran ; lot 2, oat straw, mixed hay, oats, and ground flaxseed ; lot 3, oat 

 straw, mixed hay, oats, and bran ; lot 4, oat straw, alfalfa hay, oats, and bran. 

 The most expensive ration was that in which flaxseed was fed, while that con- 

 taining alfalfa hay followed next. The ration composed of mixed hay, oat 

 straw, oats, and bran was the cheapest. 



Two lots of idle work horses, one wintered on pasture during the day and 

 stabled at night and the other kept in the stable, were kept at a total cost per 

 horse per day of 13.5 and 12.8 cts. 



It is estimated that the cost per day for feeding a colt rising one year old is 

 10.6 cts. ; that of a colt rising two years old, 9.33 cts. ; and that of a colt rising 

 three years old. 6.08 cts. ; or a total cost up to three years old of $71.96. The 

 average cost of carrying three fillies, one year old, during the summer was 6.95 

 cts. per pound of gain, the fillies making an average daily gain of 1.24 lbs. 



The economy of mule production in the South and methods of manage- 

 ment, H. K. Gayle and E. R. Lloyd (Mississippi Sta. Bui. 176 (1916), pp. S-15, 

 figs. .'/).— Data are given on the average cost of raising mules at the station of 

 the three types: (a) The lighter type of "cotton mule," standing 14.5 hands 

 high and weighing SOO lbs. ; (6) the typical cotton mule, weighing 1,100 lbs. and 

 standing about 15.5 hands high; and (c) the 16-hand 1,250-lb. farm work mule. 



It is found that charging interest on all money invested at 8 per cent and 10 

 per cent depreciation in the value of the brood mare yearly, and valuing all 

 feeds used at their average market value, mules are still produced at a good 

 profit; the small mule at a profit of $28.02 per head, the cotton mule at a profit 

 of $35.38 per head, and the heavy work mule at a profit of $55.48 per head. 

 " The farmer who can give the brood mare enough work to pay for her keep 

 and depreciation can raise mules in the South for less than one-half their cost 

 on the open market." 



" Where the cost of keeping the mare must be included but no account taken of 

 the interest on the money invested or her depreciation in value the small-type 

 mule can be produced in the South for two-thirds his market value, the cotton 

 mule for slightly over one-half his market value, and the better-grade farm mule 

 for less than one-half his market value." 



Report from the poultry division for the year ended March 31, 1915, 

 F. C. Klkord et al. (Canadfi Expt. Farms Rpts. 1915, pp. 1101-1118, 1120-1152, 

 pis. 12, figs. 2). — Experiments to determine the effect of the shipping of hatch- 

 ing eggs show on the average a decrease of about 20 per cent in fertility and 

 23 per cent in hatchability in the sliipped eggs. In comparative trials in 

 marketing late pullets in the fall and in holding over until spring it was found 

 that the latter method paid. It is estimated that the table scraps fed for four 

 months from a family of three persons were worth in new-laid eggs $6.59. 



In experiments to test the possibility of using whey instead of skim milk 

 in mixing the mash for crate-feeding poultry, three lots were fed as follows : 

 Lot 1, skim milk ; lot 2, whey ; and lot 3, whey and beef scrap. The 11 birds 

 in lot 1 and 12 birds in lots 2 and 3 made, during the three weeks' period, 

 gains of 27.5, 13.5, and 10.5 lbs., costing per pound of gain 6.8, 12, and 16 

 cts., for the respective lots. 



Two lots of 12 cockerels and capons each, fed three weeks during the fall, 

 made total gains of 27.5 and 18 lbs., costing per pound of gain 6.9 and 10 cts., 

 and bringing a total profit of $13.41 and $17.20, for the respective lots. A 



