1917] DAIRY FARMING -DAIRYING. 75 



formation of a larger inclosing dwarf egg. Dwarf eggs are produced only 

 when the ovary is in the absolutely active condition associated with the matur- 

 ing of yolks. This is true whether the bird has a normal or pathological ovi- 

 duct. When the sex organs are in this condition, a mechanical stimulation of 

 the oviduct by an artificial yolk may result in the formation jf a complete set 

 of egg envelopes." 



The Shoup oat sprouter, Mr. and Mes. G. R. Shoup (Washington Sta., West. 

 WasJi. Sta. Mo. Bui, J, (1916), No. 6, pp. 12-20, fig. i),— In addition to notes 

 on feeding sprouted oats and on oat sprouting devices for small flocks, directions 

 are given for the construction and operation of an oat sprouter suitable for 

 large flocks of laying hens. 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Dairy cattle, E. S. Archibald et ax. (Canada Expt. Farms Rpts. 1915, pp. 

 39S-418, 4^6-473, pis. 8). — From experiments in feeding elevator screenings to 

 dairy cattle it appears that ;;his material has a fair feeding value. The atti- 

 tude of the individual cows to the screenings meal rations differed widely. 

 Some showed little preference one for the other ; others ate only portions for 

 a few days ; others refused it altogether, carefully cleaning up all the roughage 

 with which the meal was fed and leaving practically all of the meal in the 

 manger ; others, again, refused throughout the entire period all feed contain- 

 ing screenings. With the exception, however, of certain animals that con- 

 sistently refused the meal ration, the herd during the second week of the period, 

 as a rule, consumed it cleanly. It would appear from these short tests that the 

 value of screenings lies not in any palatability that it may add to a ration, 

 and not conclusively in its power to produce, but rather in its cheapness. 



In experiments comparing tuinips and molasses for dairy cattle it was found 

 that while the amouiit of roughage necessary to produce a pound of fat or milk 

 is much lower where molasses is fed, the cost to produce, as figured on the 

 values given, is increased when compared with the average results of the root- 

 feeding periods, while the actual production of milk during the molasses- 

 feeding period is slightly lower. In this experiment 254 lbs. of molasses, 5 lbs. 

 of meal, and 6 lbs. of hay were equivalent to 1,890 lbs. of roots. It is con- 

 cluded that while molasses may replace a part of the succulent ration, it can 

 not wholly replace roots either from the standpoint of increased production or 

 lessened cost. 



In an experiment comparing corn silage and molasses for dairy cattle it was 

 found that 252 lbs. of molasses: was equivalent to 31 lbs. of meal, 20 lbs. of 

 hay, and 1,039 lbs. of silage. It appeared that the replacing of 15 lbs. of silage 

 with 4 lbs. of molasses resulted in an increase in milk production sufficient to 

 offset the greater cost of the ration. 



Five lots of calves were fed with the following results : Lot 1, fed on whole 

 milk, clover hay, and roots, made good gains at a cost of 14.15 cts. per pound 

 of gain ; lot 2, fed on a home-mixed calf meal composed of ground oats, ground 

 corn, and ground flax, 2:4:1, plus skim milk, clover hay, and roots, made gains 

 costing 3.04 cts. per pound ; lot 3, fed a commercial calf meal as a water slop, 

 plus clover hay and roots, but with no skim milk, made satisfactory gains at a 

 cost of 2.36 cts. per pound ; lot 4, fed the same calf meal, skim milk, clover hay, 

 and roots, made very satisfactory gains at a cost of 4.48 cts. per pound ; and lot 

 5, fed another commercial meal, skim milk, clover hay, and roots, made very 

 satisfactory gains at a cost of 3.01 cts. per pound. 



Experiments with the milking machine showed that the cows did not ma- 

 terially decrease in their milk flow. The quantity of strippings produced after 



