76 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 36 



the milking machine was quite variable, averaging from 0.125 to 1 lb. per cow 

 per milking. The hand-produced milk contained, as a rule, less than one-third 

 the bacterial content of the machine-produced milk. No ill effects whatever on 

 the cows' teats resulted from the use of the milking machine. 



Data are given on the cost of second-class Ayrshire heifers and first-class 

 Guernsey heifers from birth to one year of age, also of Holstein heifers fi-om 

 the time they were yearlings until they dropped their first calf. 



Four lots of calves were fed daily per head as follows: Lot 1, from 6 to 20 

 lbs. of whole milk, as needed; lot 2, from 10 to 20 lbs. of skim milk and a 

 meal ration of oats, corn, and flax (all gi-ound), 2:4:1; lot 3, a calf meal and 

 water ; lot 4, from 10 to 20 lbs. of skim milk and the calf meal. All the lots 

 received hay and silage as required. They made average daily gains per calf 

 of 1.91, 1.61, 0.87, and 1.6 lbs., at a cost per pound of gain of 9.32, 2.84, 12.33, 

 and 5.42 cts., consuming per pound of gain 1.47, 1.47, 2.97, and 1.78 lbs. digestible 

 matter for the respective lots. 



Experiments were conducted to determine the best quantities of gi-ain to be 

 fed. All of the cows received the same quantity of roughage, hay, silage, and 

 swedes. Two of them ate as much grain as they could clean up, which was 

 about 1 lb. per 2.5 lbs. of milk; two others received 1 lb. of meal to 4 lbs. of 

 milk ; and the last two received 1 lb. of meal per 8 lbs. of milk. The results in- 

 dicated that the cows which had the unlimited quantities of meal gave the most 

 profit. 



An experiment was tried in ensiling green alfalfa with corn. The two were 

 not mixed, but were put in by the wagonload, in the proportion of one load of 

 alfalfa to two of corn. The weight of the corn packed the alfalfa thoroughly, 

 and its juices permeated it so that the alfalfa kept as well as the corn. It 

 came out in excellent condition and was eaten with great relish by the cattle. 



Ten lots of cows were fed as follows : Lots 1 and 3, peas and oats as silage ; 

 lots 2, 4, 6, and 8, peas and oats as green feed ; lot 5, timothy hay ; lot 7, turnips 

 and straw; lot 9, prairie hay; and lot 10, corn silage. All the lots receiving in 

 addition the ordinary grain ration. Judged from the standpoint of the cost to 

 produce 1 lb. of butter the various fodders tested rated as follows: Peas and 

 oats as silage ; peas and oats as green feed ; corn silage ; turnips and straw ; 

 wild hay ; and timothy hay. Peas and oats kept well as silage. 



Fifteen head of cows were fed during four periods of 10 weeks each a ration 

 composed of wheat bran, brewers' grains and oil cake, 5:5:2, and during two 

 other periods, the same ration except that soy bean cake replaced the oil cake. 

 They produced per cow per day 21.21 and 20.49 lbs. of milk having an average 

 fat content of 3.17 and 3.09 per cent, consuming per pound of fat produced 

 10.9.") and ll.GS lbs. of feed, and costing per pound of fat produced 35 and 36 

 cts., respectively. It appears that the linseed oil cake gave slightly the better 

 results. 



When cacao husks were fed in addition to a grain ration of brewers' grains 

 and wheat bran, in the proportion of 2:5:5, the flow of milk decreased over 2 

 lbs. per day per cow, and the yield of fat was less. Although the total cost of 

 the feed was less when the husks were fed the cost to produce a pound of milk 

 or fat was increased. 



Sixteen cows fed during two periods on corn silage and during another 

 period on clover silage in addition to an ordinary grain ration, produced during 

 the first two periods 19.61 lbs. and during the second period, 18..53 lbs. of milk 

 per cow per day, having a fat content of 3.33 and 3.4 per cent, respectively, and 

 costing to produce a pound of milk 1.12 tmd 1.14 cts. 



From the results of the foregoing experiments it is recommended that Unseed 

 oil meal be fed in preference to soy-bean meal, even when combined with nitrog* 



