162 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. [Vol.36 



of the administration of alkali upon creatin elimination during inanition. Tlie 

 results of the experiments are summarized as follows : 



"Administration of alkali during the earlier days of starvation may gi-eatly 

 diminish or completely abolish the creatinuria of that condition. Later in the 

 period of inanition introduction of alkali may not show as marked an influence 

 upon the existing creatinuria. The results of these experiments lend support to 

 the hypothesis that there exists a relationship between acidosis and creatin 

 elimination." 



III. The infltience of alkali upon the creatinuria of phlorizin glycosuria. — The 

 effect was studied of the administration of relatively large quantities of sodium 

 bicarbonate upon the creatinuria in the case of phlorizinized dogs. The results 

 obtained showed that " the administration of relatively large quantities of 

 sodium bicarbonate is without appreciable influence upon the elimination of 

 creatin during phlorizin glycosuria." This is true whether or not the animal is 

 in a state of complete phlorizination. The authors conclude that more than 

 one factor may govern the mechanism leading to creatinuria. 



IV. The relationship of creatinuria to carbohydrate metabolism and acido- 

 sis. — The experiments reported in this paper were for the purpose of deter- 

 mining whether creatin may be excreted in the urine, under circumstances 

 where carbohydrate depletion prevails, without an accompanying acidosis. 

 A study was made of the creatinuria induced by hydrazin in the case of the 

 dog as an example of such carbohydrate deficiency. The results of the experi- 

 ments are summarized as follows : 



" The subcutaneous administration of hydrazin to dogs induces a marked 

 creatinuria which in general closely parallels the period of hypoglycemia 

 provoked. These observations corrobate the results of previous investigations. 



" During the period of hypoglycemia and most marked creatinuria the 

 hydrogen ion concentration of the urine is greatly depressed — even to the 

 point of marked alkalinity. The alkalinity is probably due to the presence 

 of carbonates. 



" The relationship of hypoglycemia and alkalosis again emphasizes the 

 significance of acid-base equilibrium in the regiilation of the blood sugar 

 content. 



" The results here presented make it evident that creatin elimination in the 

 urine may be induced by at least two different sets of conditions: (1) Creatin 

 may appear in the urine in states of acidosis where carbohydrate deficiency 

 is not involved, and (2) creatinuria may be present during carbohydrate 

 deficiency even in the absence of acidosis." 



Alterations in the output of certain urinary constituents as determined 

 by changes in the character of the diet, F. P. Undebhill and L. J. Bogebt 

 (Jour. Biol. Chem., 21 {1916), A'o. 1, pp. 161-168).— In view of the facts noted 

 in the above investigation — that changes in the characteer of the diet may 

 result in the appearance or the disappearance of creatin in the urine — experi- 

 ments were carried out to determine whether these changes in the diet would 

 result in changes in the output of other urinary constituents, consideration 

 being given to the differences in intake of various components of the diet. 



It was found that "upon a diet of corn and oats the output of phosphorus 

 in the urine of rabbits is far in excess of the intake of this element in the 

 food. Since the hydrogen ion concentration of the urine is very high under 

 these circumstances, the great excess of phosphoric acid in the urine may be 

 regarded as a method of regulating acid-base equilibrium in the body of the 

 rabbit. 



"Ammonia excretion is variable under changing conditions of diet, and 

 although it appears that this base may function as a neutralizing agent at 



