1917] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 251 



host plant are described, together with the results of a study in the morphology, 

 physiology, and pathogenicity of the fungus. Life history studies and control 

 measures are given. The author has tentatively adopted the name Pfiysal- 

 ospora cydonm for the causal organism, thus following Arnaud (E. S. R., 27, 

 p. 747). Attention is called to the discovery by Potebnia that the black-rot 

 fungus is parasitized in its Macrophoma stage by Helicomyces spJiwropsidis. 



An extensive bibliography is given. 



Treatment for anthracnose (Vie Agr. et Rurale, 6 (1916), No. 9, p. 155, 

 fig. 1). — A communication from LafCorgue, at Gironde, states that anthracnose, 

 which in years of heavy precipitation and high soil moisture attains much im- 

 portance, is more advantageously treated during the winter. The treatment to 

 be applied after a hea\'y frost contains 40 to 50 kg. iron sulphate, 1 liter sul- 

 phuric acid, and 100 kg. water. Another consists of 10 liters sulphuric acid in 

 100 liters water. After the vines are in leaf good results are obtained from the 

 use of lime-sulphur. 



A wilt disease of the columbine, J. J. Tatjbenhaus (Phytopathology, 6 

 (1916), No. 3, pp. 254-257, figs. 2; abs. in No. 1, pp. 101, 102).— A serious wilt 

 disease of columbine is reported as occurring at the Delaware Experiment 

 Station in 1913. A fungus which has been identified as Sclerotinia libertiana 

 attacks the crown and then the stem, causing a gradual wilting and drying of 

 the plant. The organism has been isolated and the disease reproduced arti- 

 ficially in the greenhouse. The sclerotia are said to be present in large num- 

 bers in the dead plants in which the fungus winters over in the usual way. 



Sclerosis of Forsythia viridissima, V. Peglion (Atti R. Accad. Lincei, Rend. 

 CI. Sci. Fis., Mat. e Nat., 5. set:, 25 (1916), I, No. 9, pp. 655-657).— The author 

 reports having observed since 1915 in the garden of the agricultural school at 

 Bologna a disease of the flower stalks of F. viridissima which is thought to be 

 due to the presence of Sclerotinia libertiana. 



A new disease of bamboo, M. Tueconi (Atti R. Accad. Lincei, Rend. CI. Sci. 

 Fis., Mat. e Nat., 5. ser., 25 (1916), I, No. 7, pp. 528-532) .—The author describes 

 a serious disease observed on the branches of Bambusa mitis in the botanical 

 garden of Pavia in 1914. A fungus associated therewith is regarded as a new 

 species, the conidial form being technically described as Melanconium bambusce 

 and the ascosporous stage as Scirrhia bambusw. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



A bibliography of British ornithology from the earliest times to the end 

 of 1912, W. H. Mullens and H. K. Swann (London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., 

 1916, pt. 1, pp. 112). — Brief biographical sketches are given of British ornitholo- 

 gists, followed by lists of their published works. 



Notes on Indiana earthworms, H. V. Heimbuegek (Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., 

 1914, PP- 281-285). — A list is given of 14 species observed in Indiana, with notes 

 on their habits. 



A review of applied entomology in the British Empire, C. G. Hewitt (Ann. 

 Ent. Soc. Amer., 9 (1916), No. 1, pp. 1-34). — This is the annual address of the 

 president of the Entomological Society of America, delivered at Columbus, 

 Ohio, on December 29, 1915, in which he deals with economic entomology in 

 the British Isles, Africa, Australia, Canada, Ceylon, Fiji, India, New Zealand, 

 and the British West Indies. 



How gases enter insects, W. Moore (Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 9 (1916), No. 2, 

 pp. 224-226, figs. 4)- — From the experiments conducted the author concludes 

 that gases can penetrate through other parts of the body than the spiracles. 



