374 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. [Vol. 36 



show that from November 9, 1915, to January 3, 1916, the hens of lot 1 produced 

 1,267 eggs (22.4 per cent production) as compared to 3,017 (53.8 per cent pro- 

 duction) produced by the hens of lot 2. Following slight modifications in the 

 feed of lot 1 the egg production was markedly increased (41.9 per cent produc- 

 tion), while following the use of artificial light early in the morning and tate 

 at night the production was raised to 60 per cent. 



It is concluded that the increase in production was due chiefly to the use of 

 the lights, while the protecting of the hens and the feed used are also deemed 

 necessary for the maximum egg production. 



The feeds used and the management of the flocks are briefly described. 



DAIEY FARMING— DAIEYING. 



Computation of dairy rations, F. S. Putney and H. P. Aemsby {Pennsyl- 

 vania Sta. Bui. 143 (1916), pp. 3-24, fid- !)■ — On the basis of computations and 

 tables outlined previously (E. S. R., 27, p. 176) and as noted on page 367, the 

 authors discuss feeding standards, the art of feeding, the selection of feeding 

 stuffs, the compounding of grain mixtures, the cost of rations, rations on pas- 

 tures, and condimental and proprietary feeding stuffs. Convenience tables for 

 computing grain mixtures, specimen grain mixtures, and tables showing the 

 dry matter and digestible protein contents and net energy values of a large 

 number of feeding stuffs are included. 



Osage oranges for dairy cows, J. J. Hooper {Breeder's Gaz., 10 (1916), No. 

 13, p. 537). — In tests at the Kentucky Station cows were fed from 1 to 10 

 Osage oranges daily per head for periods of from two weeks to one month, in 

 addition to grain, hay, and silage. The oranges were chopped fine and mixed 

 with the grain. A few of the cows refused to eat the oranges, but others 

 seemed to like them. 



It is stated that the oranges can be kept for winter use by burying in a 

 mound of earth. 



The effect of feeding on th.e composition of milk and butter. — Dried yeast 

 and decorticated cotton meal, H. T. Ceanfield and Margaeet G. D. Taylor 

 (Analyst, 41 (1916), No. 485, pp. 240-245, fig. 1). — Experiments in which the 

 feeding value of dried yeast and cotton-seed meal was compared with regard 

 to milk production are described. 



The results indicate that dried yeast is an excellent feed for dairy cows as 

 regards the quality of milk and butter. The deficiency of fat in the ration does 

 not appear to influence the quality of the milk or milk fat. A higher Polenske 

 value in the fat from the animals that received the dried yeast was the only 

 marked variation observed. 



An increased yield of 41.25 lbs. of milk and 3 lbs. of milk fat were obtained 

 in favor of the dried yeast during the four weeks of the experiment. 



Variations in the composition of skim milk, A. E. Perkins (Mo. Bui. Ohio 

 Sta., 1 (1916), No. 10, pp. 304-306) .—A brief report is given of studies upon the 

 variation in composition of skim milk derived from milk containing different 

 amounts of fat. The variation in the fat content of skim milk is not dis- 

 cussed. 



The ash content of skim milk varies with the fat and protein content, 

 usually ranging from 0.65 to 0.85 per cent. It is stated that for practical pur- 

 poses the protein and sugar content of skim milk may be computed from the 

 analysis of whole milk by multiplying the protein and sugar contents of the 

 whole milk by 1 plus the fat content of the whole milk. By this method and 

 using analyses by other experiment stations of whole milk, the average per- 



