1917] HORTICULTURE. 443 



Station have been secured and are under observation. Selection and breeding 

 studies are also being conducted with gooseberries, cranberries, blueberries, and 

 huckleberries. 



The season of 191.5 was favorable for fruit production in the station's test 

 orchard and a number of early-maturing apples fruited. The tests thus far 

 made have shown that only the early-maturing apples are adapted to Alaska. 

 Of these Yellow Transparent and the Livland Raspberry are the only two that 

 can be recommended at this time. Of the cherries, only sour cherries have 

 proved of any value as orchard trees, and in most seasons even sour varieties 

 are more or less a failure. Thus' far, other orchard fruits have not been 

 successful. 



The usual variety tests with vegetables are reported, and data are given on 

 the adaptability of various ornamental trees, shrubs, perennials, and annuals to 

 conditions at the stations. 



Notes on some garden plants cultivated in the experimental garden of the 

 Portici Royal Agricultural High School, F. de Rosa (Atti R. 1st. Incwagg. 

 Napoli, 6. ser., 67 {1915), pp. 251-272). — This comprises notes on the condition 

 and character of different classes and varieties of vegetables grown in the school 

 garden. 



Two winter salads, endive and Witloof, L. Bussabd {Vie Agr. et Rurale, 6 

 {1916), No. 46, pp- S54-S56, figs. 3). — The methods employed in forcing endive 

 and Witloof chicory during the winter months are described. 



Modem fruit marketing, B. S. Bbown {New York: Orange Judd Co., 1916, 

 pp. XIX+2S3, figs. 136). — In the present treatise the practices of harvesting, 

 packing, storing, transporting, and selling of fruit are considered in detail. 



The Christ-Junge taxation method; general rules for the application of 

 the method for all horticultural plants {Maandhl. Nederland. Pomol. Ver., 6 

 {1916), Nos. 4, pp. 73-80; 7, pp. U8-163; 8, pp. 166-174; 9, pp. 19^-202) .—This 

 article discusses in detail a method of taxing fruit trees which have not come 

 into bearing, those which are yielding normal crops, and those which have 

 passed their prime. The method here considered was advanced by Dr. Christ 

 and E. Junge in their guide for the determination of the worth and rental value 

 of fruit industries.^ 



The cost of producing apples in Wenatchee Valley, Washington, G. H. 

 MiixEB and S. M. Thomson {U. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. U6 {1917), pp. 35, pis. 4, 

 figs. 7). — This comprises a detailed study made in 1914 of the current cost 

 factors involved in the maintenance of orchards and the handling of the crop 

 on 87 orchards. 



The average investment per farm surveyed was $20,974 ; the average invest- 

 ment per acre of bearing apples alone was $1,925. The equipment investment 

 was $444 per farm, or $47 per acre, exclusive of stock. There was an average 

 of two horses per farm, or 5.3 tillable acres per horse. The orchards studied 

 averaged 6.5 acres and 81 trees per acre, and the trees averaged 11 years of 

 age. 



The total annual cost of production was $469.73 per acre, or 79.2 cts. per box, 

 f. 0. b. Of this, labor cost constituted $179.09 per acre, or 30.2 cts. per box, 

 and cash cost, including interest on investment, $290.64 per acre, or 49 cts. 

 per box. This was the annual cost for the average orchard under clean cultural 

 management, and where under alfalfa or clover management, this cost was re- 

 duced about 2 cts. per box. The yield per acre on the bearing orchards from 

 which data were secured was 593 boxes, or 7.3 boxes per tree. This represents 

 all yields on trees from 7 to 11 years, inclusive. 



1 Anleltung fiir die Wert und Rentabilitatsberechnung der Obstkulturen auf neuer 

 Grundlage. (Berlin: P. Parey, 1913, 2. rev. and enl. ed., pp. VIH + 175.) 



