1917] ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 469 



larger and heavier than the control. A difference of time in beginning to crow 

 and marked differences in the general appearance of the pituitary-fed chick 

 were also observed. 



The use of energ'y values in the computation of rations for farm animals, 

 H. P. Armsby {U. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. 459 (1016), pp. 29).— This is a revision of 

 Farmers' Bulletin 346 (E. S. R., 20, p. 968). In the computation of rations 

 for farm animals in this bulletin feeding stuffs are compared on the basis of 

 total dry matter, digestible protein, and net energy value. 



Energy values of red-clover hay and maize meal, H. P. Abmsry, J. A. Fries, 

 and W. W. Bkaman (U. S. Dept. Agr.. Jour. Agr. Research, 7 {1916), No. 9, pp. 

 379-387). — This is a report of experiments conducted at the Pennsylvania Insti- 

 tute of Animal Nutrition, in cooperation with the Bureau of Animal Industry 

 of this Department, upon the net energy values of red-clover hay and corn 

 meal, made for the purpose of clearing up discordant results obtained from 

 these two feeding stuffs in investigations previously reported (E. S. R., 33, 

 p. 72). 



In these experiments five feeding periods of 21 days each were conducted with 

 a 2-year-old Shorthorn steer weighing about 500 kg. at the beginning of the ex- 

 periments. In two of the periods clover hay alone was fed in amounts to con- 

 stitute respectively a submaintenance and a heavy ration, and in the other 

 three peroids clover hay and maize meal 1 : 2 in amounts much below mainte- 

 nance, approximately maintenance, and a heavy ration, respectively. These 

 experiments were conducted along the line of those previously referred to. 



It was found that the metabolizable energy per kilogram of the digested 

 organic matter was 3.52 therms for the clover hay and 3.76 therms for the 

 maize meal, as compared with 3.49 therms and 3.8 therms, respectively, as pre- 

 viously reported. The average increment in heat production caused by the 

 consumption of 1 kg. of dry matter was for clover hay 954 and for maize meal 

 1,143 calories. When these results are combined with those of previous experi- 

 ments, the corrected values for the average heat increment per kilogram dry 

 matter are for clover hay 973 and for maize meal 1,289 calories. The average 

 net energy values per kilogram of dry matter obtained by the use of the fore- 

 going averages were for clover hay 981 and for maize meal 1,913 calories. 



Studies of the composition and digestibility of several of the more im- 

 portant meadow grasses, F. Honcamp, B. Stau, and H. Mujxner {Landtc. 

 Vers. Stat., 87 (1915), No. 4-5, pp. 315-350) .—The chemical composition and the 

 digestion coefficients, as determined in a series of digestion experiments with 

 sheep, are given for the following species : Lolium perenne, L. italicuni, Dactylis 

 glomerata, Phlcvm pratense, Poa pratcnsis, P. trivialis, Festuca pratensis, and 

 F. rubra. A chemical study of these and other grasses grown on upland moor, 

 lowland moor, mineral, and starch soils indicated a much higher feeding value 

 for the grass grown on the moor soils. The authors state that, in general, 

 there is little difference in the feeding value of the species studied when grown 

 under comparable conditions. 



[Animal husbandry work in Alaska], C. C. Georgeson and M. D. Snodgrass 

 (Alaska Stas. Rpt. 1915, pp. 22-24, 26, 79-81).— The greater oortion of the 

 Kodiak Station herd of Galloway cattle was wintered at Kalsin Bay on native 

 hay and silage and oat silage put up the previous year. Three cows with their 

 calves and the herd bull were wintered at Kodiak on native hay and oat silage. 

 Two cows died late in the winter from inflammation of the liver, due perhaps 

 to moldy silage. In the dairy work nine cows were milked and records kept 

 of their performance. The milk was tested for fat and the whole milk was 

 fed to the calves. A few of the cows did fairly well for a beef breed. By 



