1917] HORTICULrURE. 537 



The honeybees seemed to prefer the flowers of the French prune and seemed 

 to devote most of their attention to this variety. As a result, the French prune 

 tree exposed to the bees set a much heavier crop than that of the best trees 

 exposed to normal conditions, whereas the Imperial prune tree exposed to the 

 bees set only a light crop of fruit. The French prune tree from which bees were 

 excluded set only a very light crop and the Imperial prune tree only a few 

 scattering fruits. The experiment is to be repeated to determine, if possible, 

 why the Imperial prune did not respond to pollination by the bees. 



The work thus far conducted indicates that the French prune at least may 

 be aided in setting a satisfactory crop by the presence of a large number of 

 bees in the orchard during the blooming period. 



Inheritance in Vitis, Rasmuson {Mitt. K. Biol. Anst. Land u. Forstw., No 

 15 (WlJf), pp. 29-34, flffS- 4)- — Data are given on character transmission in 

 crosses between a number of selected phylloxera-resistant direct-bearing grape? 

 and grafting stocks. 



The results in general show that the trend of variation for some characters 

 at least is the same for crosses between species as between varieties of the same 

 species. Crosses between phylloxera-susceptible species yielded phylloxera-sus- 

 ceptible offspring. Crosses between phylloxera-resistant species gave both sus- 

 ceptible and resistant offspring, with the latter dominant. Immunity to phyl- 

 loxera was also dominant and susceptibility recessive in the progeny of crosses 

 between susceptible and resistant species. 



Portuguese varieties of vines, F. de Casteixa (Jour. Dept. Agr. Victoria, 

 14 (1916), Nos. 7, pp. 398-408; 9, pp. 565-510; 10, pp. 622-628; 11, pp. 673-686; 

 12, pp. 731-740, figs. 22). — A descriptive account of the varieties of grapes gi'own 

 in Portugal for the production of port wine. 



Arsenate of lead in viticulture, C. F. Muttelet {Ann. Falsi/., 9 {1916), No. 

 94-95, pp. 298-301). — Analyses were made to determine the amounts of lead, 

 copper, and arsenic in the wines, lees, and marcs of grapes sprayed with 

 arsenate of lead after the formation of seeds. 



The wines contained only very slight traces of copper and arsenic and no 

 lead. The lees contained per liter 500 mg. (3.5 grains per lb.) of lead, 10 mg. 

 of arsenic, and traces of copper. The marc contained per kilogram of dried 

 product 200 mg. (1.4 grains per pound) of lead, 0.1 mg. of arsenic, and traces 

 of copper. These results indicate that the consumption of wine before the lees 

 are deposited may be dangerous and that the marc should not be fed to stock. 

 Generally speaking, however, the use of arsenical sprays after the seeds are 

 formed does not introduce toxic metals into products of consumption that are 

 prepared with care. 



Varietal standardization, L. B. Scott (Cal. Citrogr., 2 {1916), No. 3, pp. 8, 

 9, fig. 1). — In this paper the author points out the need of varietal standardiza- 

 tion for the greater development of our subtropical fruit industries, special 

 attention being given to the citrus fruits, avocado, and olive. 



Four years' experience with budded avocado trees, J. T. Whedon {CaX. 

 Citrogr., 2 {1916), No. 3, p. 7). — A brief summary of results secured in Orange 

 County, Cal., with 342 avocado trees, including 29 different varieties. 



[Cacao experiments, 1914—15], J. De Vekteuix {Bui. Dept. Agr. Trinidad 

 and Tobago, 15 {1916), No. 6, pp. 183-205, pU. 8). — This report is supplementary 

 to a previous report for 1914-15 (E. S. R., 36, p. 141), and gives the results of 

 manurial and natural yield experiments with cacao on a number of additional 

 estates in Trinidad and Tobago not previously mentioned. 



Bud variation in lemons, A. D. Shamel {Cal. Citrogr., 2 {1917), No. 4, pp. 6, 

 7, 16, figs. 3; Jour. Heredity, 8 (1917), No. 2, pp. 75-81, fig. 1).—A paper on 

 85476°— No. 6—17 4 



