1917] SOILS — FERTILIZERS. 621 



and potash, and fairly well supplied with lime. Crop rotation appeared to be 

 the principal requirement of the soils. 



The soils of Titus County, covering 426 square miles, were found to be rela- 

 tively deficient in nitrogen and lime. The active and total phosphoric acid 

 contents were low in some cases. 



The soils of Tyler County surveyed, covering 100 square miles, were found 

 to be acid and relatively deficient in nitrogen and potash and with one excep- 

 tion in phosphoric acid. 



Soil survey cf Smith, County, Texas, L. R. Schoenmann, E. H. Smies, AV. A. 

 RocKiE, E. T. Maxon, F. Z. Hutton, and H. G. Lewis (V. S. Dept. Agr., Ad- 

 vance Sheets Field Operations Bur. Soils, 1915, pp. 51, fig. 1, map 1). — This 

 survey. Issued January 23, 1917, deals with the soils of an area of 570,880 

 acres in the Gulf Coastal Plain region in northeastern Texas, the topography 

 of which is gently rolling to moderately hilly. " Only a small part of the 

 county is too rough for cultivation, and a still smaller part is so smooth and 

 level as to possess poor natural dpainage." 



The soils are grouped as upland and lowland soils. *' More than 75 per cent 

 of the upland consists of fine sands, fine sandy loams, and gravelly sandy 

 loams, with subsoils ranging from fine sand through fine sandy clay to stiff, 

 heavy clay. The clay soils are comparatively Insignificant in extent, but the 

 clay loams and gravelly clay loams are fairly extensive. The greater part of 

 the first-bottom soils consists of clay and silty clay loam, but the fine sandy 

 loams have an Important distribution. The second-bottom, or terrace, soils 

 are sandy and rather small In extent." 



Including meadow, 22 soil types of 13 series are mapped, of which the 

 Ruston fine sandy loam, the Susquehanna fine sandy loam, and the Norfolk 

 sand cover 22.7, 21.9, and 18 per cent of the area, respectively. 



Soil survey of Franklin County, Washington, C. Van Dutne, J. H. Agee, 

 and F. W. Ashton (U. S. Dept. Agr., Advance Sheets Field Operations Bur. 

 Soils, 191If, pp. 101, pis. 2, figs. 7, map 1). — This survey, made in cooperation 

 with the State of Washington and issued January 13, 1917, deals with the soils 

 of an area of 786,560 acres In south-central Washington. The eastern part 

 of the county is high rolling plateau and the western part undulating desert 

 plain. " Over the greater part of the county there is no surface run-off, the 

 water being removed by seepage and evaporation." The soils of the county 

 are derived from a mantle of lake laid, wind laid, loesslal, and current laid 

 material. Including four types of miscellaneous character, 30 soil types of 

 12 series are mapped, of which the Ritzville silt loam, Ephrata very fine sandy 

 loam, and scabland cover 31.3, 14.2, and 9.3 per cent of the area, respectively. 



Calcium compounds in soils, E. C. Shokey, W. H. Fey, and W. Hazen ( XJ. S. 

 Dept. Agr., Jour. Agr. Research, 8 {1917), No. S, pp. 57-77). — This report pre- 

 sents analytical data bearing on the kinds of calcium compounds In 63 samples 

 of soil representing 23 types from 24 locations in 19 States. The quantities 

 of calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, calcium combined with humus com- 

 pounds, and calcium present as easily and difficultly decomposable silicates 

 are calculated. 



The results show " a wide variation in total calcium content and in con- 

 tent of calcium carbonate and the two classes of silicates. Calcium combined 

 with humus compounds is shown to be absent in 29 samples. No relation is 

 apparent between the total calcium content and the quantity of any of the 

 classes of calcium compounds discussed. It Is shown that It is possible to 

 have two soils with the same calcium content, but with the kinds of calcium 

 compounds present in quite different quantities. But five of the samples, rep- 

 resenting two types, were acid to litmus. These types are characterized by 



