740 EXPERIMENT STATION BECORD. [Vol.36 



(1913) of Britton and Brown's Illustrated Flora of the Northeastern United 

 States and Canada as a standard for the botanical names. 



Kill garlic and wild onion by oil spraying, A. D. Selbt and D. R. Van Atta 

 (Mo. Bui. Ohio Sta., 1 {1916), No. 12, flp. 355-S58, figs. 2).— The eradication of 

 Allium vineale and A. canadense in Hamilton County, Ohio, by the use of fuel 

 oil as a spray is briefly discussed. 



Similar work conducted by the Indiana Experiment Station (E. S. R., 31, 

 p. 739) with orchard heating oil is noted. 



Eradication of bracken (Univ. Col. N. Wales, Bangor, Dept. Agr. [P«&.] 

 5 (191I^), pp. 7). — This publication reports further experiments, conducted on 

 six experimental farms, in the eradication of bracken in pasture lands. The 

 indications are that by the end of the second year the bracken had been nearly 

 exhausted by repeated cuttings, while the grass had been stimulated by the 

 application of lime and manures. 



Improvement of hill and peaty pastures; eradication of bracken (TJniv. 

 Col. N. Wales, Bangor, Dept. Agr. [Pub.] S (1915), pp. 8). — Experiments have 

 been laid out at 15 centers for the treatment of poor pastures on peaty or hilly 

 ground with basic slag, ground limestone, rock phosphate, and acid phosphate. 

 The general results to date indicate that basic slag and rock phosphate improve 

 pasture conditions, while lime used alone has had little or no effect. 



Experiments with the eradication of bracken have been continued with much 

 the same results as noted above. 



HORTICTJLTITRE. 



On the problem of extra root nutrition and treatment of trees, V. LftiBi- 

 MENKo (LuBiMENKo) (Zap. Imp. Nikitsk. Sada [/2i<a], No. 6 (1914), PP- 91- 

 181, figs. 6). — Experiments on the introduction of various solutions into the 

 wood of growing trees are reported In detail. The solutions were introduced 

 into the tree through a glass siphon attached to holes bored with an auger 

 5 mm. (0.2 in.) in diameter and bored to a depth of 1.5 to 2 cm. (0.6 to 0.8 in.). 



The author found in part that the successful introduction of solutions into 

 living trees is largely dependent upon exclusion of air from the holes and 

 upon reduced root pressure accompanied by partial desiccation of the wood 

 cells, i. e., reduced sap content. Other conditions being equal, the greater the 

 amount of desiccation the gi-eater the amount of solution absorbed and the 

 wider its distribution throughout the tree. The solution filtering into the 

 partially desiccated wood elements spreads In all directions, both lengthwise 

 and crosswise of the fibers, filtration being more rapid lengthwise of the 

 fibers. In cases where desiccation is severe enough to affect the roots in- 

 filtration of solutions may take place through the roots as well as through the 

 trunk. 



Of the species experimented with, the pear, apple, and peach are easily 

 subject to desiccation of the wood during the summer period. The plum and 

 the wild cherry tree are not so easily a prey to desiccation, while the ailanthus, 

 Judas tree, cypress, lanuginous oak, Chinese privet, and the white mulberry 

 are least subject to desiccation. Even with the first class of trees it Is 

 necessary to undertake these experiments during the hot and dry season 

 when the desiccation of the wood is at Its height. 



As the quantity of liquid absorbed by the wood by means of Infiltration 

 into the elements emptied of sap depends on its degree of desiccation It is 

 Impossible to determine beforehand how many openings should be bored into 

 the trunk and what the dimensions should be in order to obtain a uniform 

 Impregnation of the wood. The general rule given is that the smaller the 



