1917] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 757 



being from 15 to 28 days. The pupal stage of the third brood in 1912 required 

 on an average 14.94 days, with a minimum of 11 and a maximum of 20 days. 

 The average length of this .stage in 1913 was 11.4 days, with a minimum of 7 

 and a maximum of 17 days. The life cycle of the third generation of 1912 re- 

 quired on an average 48.57 days with a range of from 36 to 62 days, and in 

 1913, 43 days with a range of 34 to .58 days. 



" Fourth brood eggs were in evidence in 1913 on August 20. and oviposition 

 continued to September 8. The incubation period, on an average, was 7.9 days. 

 The feeding period of fourth-brood larvae in 1913 averaged 38.36 days, with a 

 minimum of 25 days and a maximum of 53 days. All of these larvfe passed 

 the winter as such. . . . 



" Successful band records were made during 1913 at Roswell. Artesia, Lin- 

 coln, and Santa Fe. From available data the conclusion is drawn that at 

 Lincoln there occur two full generations and a partial third, while at Santa 

 Fe, a more northerly location, there appears to be but one complete generation, 

 followed by a partial second." 



The results of spraying operations during 1913-14 have been previously noted 

 (E. S. R., 31, p. 252). 



Sorosporella uvella and its occurrence in cutworms in America, A. T. 

 Speare (U. S. Dept. Agr., Jour. Agr. Research, 8 (1917), No. 6, pp. 189-194, pl- 

 1, fig. 1). — This preliminary paper reviews the present status of knowledge of 

 the fungus parasite S. uvella (agrotidis), records its presence in the United 

 States, and presents some evidence to show that it is not entomophthoraceous. 

 The form was originally described from Russia in 1886 as Tarichium uvella, 

 but there are no records of its occurrence in Europe since 1888. The report 

 by Gibson of its occurrence in Ottawa, Canada, is said to be the only Ameri- 

 can record (E. S. R., 34, p. 251). The author's observations of its morphology 

 and cultural characteristics here reported are based upon parasitized larvae and 

 a pupa of a cutworm (Euxoa tessellata) collected at College Park, Md., in June 

 and July. 



Observations on the Lestophonus, a dipterous parasite of the cottony 

 cushion scale, H. S. Smith and H. Compere (Mo. Bui. Com. Eort. Cal., 5 

 {1916), No. 10, pp. 384-390, figs. 9).—Cryptochcetum monophlebi, popularly 

 known in California as the Lestophonus, is an important adjunct in the control 

 of the cottony cushion scale in California. In the px-esent paper the author re- 

 ports upon the discovery of this parasite in Australia and its introduction into 

 California, its distribution and abundance in California, and Its blologj'. It is 

 common in Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, Santa Barbara, and Sacramento 

 counties, and fairly so in Santa Clara County. While by nature it is more 

 erratic than Vedalia, at times it becomes very abundant, occasionally infesting 

 more than 90 per cent of the scale. There are five or six generations of the 

 parasite during the year. 



Observations on the life history of Pterodontia flavipes, J. L. King (Ann. 

 Ent. Soc. Amer., 9 (1916), No. 3, pp. 309-321, pis. 2).— A report of a study of 

 the biology of this dipteran, the larvae of which parasitize spiders, an epeirid 

 (Epeira sericata), and a lycosid, probably Lycosa pratensis. 



Anopheles infectivity experiments. — An attempt to determine the num.ber 

 of persons one mosquito can infect with malaria, M. B. Mitzmain (Pub. 

 Health Rpts. [U. S.], 31 (1916), No. 35, pp. 2325-2335, pis. 2).— A series of 17 

 infectivity experiments (E. S. R., 35, p. 759) in which human beings were employed 

 to test the infectibility of Anopheles punctipennis with Plasmodium vivax re- 

 sulted in 14 cases of malarial fever. " The sporozoites in the mosquitoes used 

 developed 10 to 22 days after the definitive hosts were given an opportunity to 

 bite a patient harboring a scanty number of mature tertian gametocytes. 



