1917] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 857 



rearing queen bees, the results of two seasons' work showing that successful 

 queen production is practically assured. Studies were made of the banded 

 apple aphis, commonly known as the grain or oat aphis, which is the common 

 plant louse on apples in Wisconsin. Experiments in several orchards have 

 shown that it is impossible to control this pest through the use of blackleaf 40 at 

 a strength of 1 to 3,000. 



Notes on early stages and life history of the earwig (Forficula auricu- 

 laria), T. A. Chapman {Ent. Rec. and Jour. Variation, 29 {1911), No. 2, pp. 

 25-30, pis. S). — This paper presents observations on the biology of this earwig. 



Combating Schistocerca peregrina in Morocco in 1916 by the biological 

 method, H. Velu (Bui. Soc. Path. Exot., 9 (1916), No. 9, pp. 682-684).— A. re- 

 port of work carried on in continuation of that previously noted (E. S. R., 

 36, p. 755). 



Calocoris angustatus, E. Ballard (Agr. Research Inst. Pusa Bui. 58 (1916), 

 pp. 8, pi. 1, fig. 1). — An account of the life history and of control measures for 

 this capsid, which is a serious enemy of Andropogon sorghum all over southern 

 India. 



The rose leaf hopper (Typhlocyba rosae) and a new gqs parasite of it, A. 

 TuLLGREN {Meddel. Centralanst. Forsoksv. Jordbruksomrddet, No. 132 (1916), 

 pp. 13, figs. 7; K. Landthr. Akad. Handl. och Tidskr., 55 {1916), No. 5, pp. 404- 

 412, figs. 7; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., Ser. A, 4 {1916), No. S, p. 353).— T. rosce, 

 a well-known pest of roses, is widely distributed in Sweden, occurring wherever 

 its native food plant, the wild briar, is found. The eggs are parasitized by a 

 mymarid (Anagrus bartheli), here described as new. 



Solubility of the scale of Lepidosaphes ulmi, S. Maulik {Bui. Ent. Research, 

 7 {1917), No. 3, pp. 267-269, fig. i).— The author concludes that the scale of this 

 coccid is probably not a wax and that the ingredients of the spraying fluids in 

 use have no solvent action on the scale. Thus any good results obtained with 

 these fluids depend on the physical properties of the paraffin oil contained in 

 them. " Scrubbing the trunks with a hard brush and hot water in winter, and 

 then spraying with weak kerosene emulsion in the following spring only those 

 trees which show newly-hatched insects on them are better methods of checking 

 the spread of the oyster-shell scale." 



Simon's hot-air machine for the treatment of cotton seed against pink 

 bollworm, G. Storey (Jfm. Agr. Egypt, Tech. and Sci. Serv. Bui. 11 {1916), pp. 

 7 ; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., Ser. A, 4 {1916), No. 12, p. 491). — A description is 

 given of a machine of the type used in England for drying malt, which was 

 tested to determine its suitability for treatment of cotton seed infested by the 

 pink bollworm. The optimum temperature for this machine seems to lie between 

 131 and 133° F., but at all temperatures tested a small percentage of the larvfe 

 survived and a small percentage of the seed was damaged. It is concluded, 

 however, that the machine will fulfill all practical requirements. The details 

 of the experiment are reported in tables. 



Peach borer observations at Vineland, M. A. Blake and C. H. Connors 

 {New Jersey Stas. Rpt. 1915, pp. 48-51, pi. 1). — The observations here reported 

 are based upon records kept of the number of borers removed annually from 

 each tree in the experimental orchard at Vineland, in continuation of observa- 

 tions of 1913 and 1914 previously noted (E. S. R., 34, p. 161). 



The authors' observations refute the quite general belief that the borer works 

 in the roots at no great depth from the surface of the ground, since many small 

 borers were found in the large side roots many inches below the surface in a 

 tree dug up which contained 72 borers. Thus it appears to be extremely 

 doubtful if more than a small proportion of the borers in badly infested trees 



