858 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOED, [Vol.36 



are destroyed by examination of the trunk to a depth of from 8 to 10 in. A 

 diagram gives the plans of three orchards and indicates tlie number of borers 

 removed from each tree during 1915. 



It appears that there has been an increase each year in the number of borers 

 found in the trees in spite of thorough work in borer removal. Records kept 

 of the 675 trees of orchard No. 1 show that in 1913 about one-half of the trees 

 contained borers, whereas in 1915 nearly 75 per cent contained borers. In 

 orchard No. 2 there was a decrease in both the number of trees infested and 

 in the total infestation, while in orchard No. 3 there was an increase from 

 1913 to 1915 of over 63 per cent in the number of trees infested and an 

 increase of more than 125 per cent in the number of borers removed. 



A codling' moth trap, E. H. Sieglis (Jour. Econ. Ent., 9 {1916), No. 6, pp. 

 517-521, pi. 1). — Failure to control the codling moth in the Grand Valley of 

 Colorado, notwithstanding the fact that from five to eight thorough spray 

 applications were made, led to the use of the trap here described, which con- 

 sists of a strip of wire screen cloth 6 in. in width and sufficiently long to 

 encircle the trunk of the tree. It is based upon the knowledge that the codling 

 moth larva will enter an opening through which, after its transformation, the 

 adult can not escape. In preliminary experiments reported 41 per cent of the 

 larvae cocooned within the traps. 



The effect of cold upon malaria parasites in the mosquito host, W. V. 

 King {Jour. Expt. Med., 25 {1911), No. 3, pp. 495-498, pis. 2).— In continuation 

 of investigations of malarial parasites in the mosquito (B. S. R., 35, p. 360) 

 the author reports upon work conducted at New Orleans from September to 

 December, 1916. 



The experiments here reported show that the parasite of tertian malaria in 

 the mosquito host is able to survive exposure to a temperature of 30° F. for 

 a period of two days, or 31° for four days, and a mean temperature of 46° for 

 17 days. In a smaller series of tests the sporonts of the estivo-autumnal 

 parasite have shown a resistance to temperatures as low as 35° for 24 hours. 



Report on mosquito work for 1915, T. J. Headlee {New Jersey Stas. Rpt. 

 1915, pp. 839-364). — A detailed report of the work of the year in the control 

 of salt marsh mosquitoes, assistance rendered boards of health and county 

 commissions in mosquito extermination, etc., and brief observations on the 

 mosquitoes of the year. 



On the biology of two tachinids which have an intramuscular stage 

 (Plagia trepida and Sturmia scutellata), W. R. Thompson {Compt. Rend. Soc. 

 Biol. [Paris], 78 {1915), No. 20, pp. 717-721, figs. 5; abs. in Jour. Roy. Micros. 

 Soc, No. 4 {1916), p. 877). — The eggs of Plagia containing larvse ready to hatch 

 out are deposited on the body of the host. Upon emerging, the larva traverses 

 the skin and after entering the general cavity passes into a muscle where it 

 remains to the end of the primary stage. It then forms a secondary tegu- 

 mentary air hole in connection with which it passes the second and third 

 stages, but leaves the host before pupation. 



The eggs of Sturmia are deposited on leaves which form the food of the host. 

 Upon being devoured by a caterpillar they hatch in the alimentary canal and 

 the larvjs pass out into the general cavity and thence into a muscle. 



Sarcophaga froggatti, n. sp, — A new sheep maggot fly, F. H. Taylor {Bui. 

 Ent. Research, 7 {1917), No. 8, p. 265). — Under the name S. froggatti the author 

 describes a new sarcophagid found to attack sheep at Winton, Queensland. 



On the life history and structure of Telephorus lituratus, Olga G. M. 

 Payne {Jour. Zool. Research, 1 {1916), No. 1, pp. 4-82, pis. 2, figs. 18; abs. in 

 Rev. Appl. Ent., Ser. A, 4 {1916), No. 8, pp. 821, 322).— This is a report of studies 



