60 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



sour orauges escape almost entirely. The use of sour orange stocks for 

 low lauds and grape fruit stocks for the dry pine lands will greatly aid iu 

 preventing tLe disease. Exposing the crown and upper roots, cutting 

 away diseased portions, and treating the cut surfaces with sulphurous 

 acid, carbolic acid, or sulphur wash is recommended. The use of nitrog- 

 enous organic manures, excessive cultivation, and irrigation are to be 

 avoided. 



Melanose attacks all citrus fruits, and seems capable of causing con- 

 siderable damage should it become widely distributed. At present it 

 is reported from but a few localities in Florida. It forms minute brown 

 spots on the leaves, twigs, and fruits. On the fruit, which is attacked 

 only while young, the spots run together, staining considerable areas, 

 lemons being rendered unsalable by such an appearance. In bad cases 

 the trees are damaged, while ordinarily it is the fruit which suffers. 

 The cause of the disease is i^robably parasitic, and it may be controlled 

 by the use of Bordeaux mixture or ammoniacal copi)er carbonate. 



Report of the botanist, L. E. Jones ( Vermont Sta. Rpt. 1894, 

 pp. 93-118, Jigs. 9). — Detailed reports are given of experiments in 

 spraying potatoes, observations upon the date of planting x^otatoes, 

 jirevention of potato scab, on the prevention of ap])le and jiear scab, 

 occurrence of oat smut, observations on grasses and weeds, and some 

 studies upon carnation rust. The principal topics are revised reprints 

 from Bulletin 44 of the station (E. S. R., 6, p. 999), some of which are 

 reported upon at greater length than in the bulletin. 



A tabular report is given of the gains from spraying potatoes with 

 Bordeaux mixture in 1894, in which gains of from 12 to 30 x)er cent in 

 favor of the treatment are shown. 



Comparative tests were made to determine the relative value of the 

 following fungicides for spraying potatoes: '^(1) Stronger and weaker 

 Bordeaux mixture, (2) Bordeaux mixture in the form of dry powder, 



(3) Bordeaux mixture which had stood some time after preparation, 



(4) Bordeaux mixture made by the potassium ferrocyanid test, (5) 

 modified eau celeste, (6) ammoniacal copper carbonate, and (7) soap as 

 added to liquid fungicides." 



In every case the Bordeaux mixtures gave the best results, their rel- 

 ative value being about in the order of the enumeration of their 

 strengths. 



During 1894 9 fields were sampled for the presence of oat smut, 

 and the amount found ranged from nothing to 3.7 per cent, with an 

 average of 1.7, a slight increase in the amount of smut as observed 

 during the previous year. 



Notes are given of experiments with grasses for sowing on overtlowed 

 river bottom lands. The most promising species for this purpose is 

 fowl meadow grass, Poa serotina, and experiments will be continued 

 with it. 



Brief notes are given calling attention to several species of weeds 

 which once established may prove very troublesome. 



I 



