FOODS ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 149 



Spray calendar, E. G. Lodeman (Keio York Cornell Sta. Bui. 114, folio, figs. 4). — 

 This spray calendar gives tabulated directions for spraying the most important 

 fruits, A-egetables, and flowers to prevent or remedy the attacks of various insects 

 and fungus diseases. Formulas are given for the preparation of various insecticides 

 and fungicides, and illustrations of several forms of spraying apparatus are ai^pended. 



FOOBS— AmMAL PRODUCTION. 



The mineral constituents of muscular tissue, J. Katz {PflUger's 

 Arch. FhysioL, 63 {1S96), Xo. 1-2, pp. 1-85, Jigs. 3).— The potassium, 

 sodium, irou, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus from pliosphates, phos- 

 phorus from lecithin, phosphorus from luiclein, chlorin, and sulphur 

 were determined in human flesh, pork, beef, veal, and the flesh of goats, 

 rabbits, dogs, cats, hens, haddock, eel, and pike. The results are 

 expressed in graphic form. The maximum and miniuuim of each ele- 

 ment is also given, calculated for fresh and water-free substances. 



Relations between muscular xvork and. the metabolism of the 

 proteid materials of the body, A. Chauveau ( Compt. Rend., 122 {1896), 

 Xo. 8, pp. 429-435; abs. in Cliem. Centbl, 4 {1896), Xo. 13, p. 7iS).— Three 

 experiments were made with a dog. In 2 of the experiments consid- 

 erable muscular work was performed. It was found that practically 

 the same amount of nitrogen was excreted in the urine whether work 

 was performed or not. In the author's opinion these results confirm 

 the conclusion drawn from previous experiments, that the combustion of 

 carbohydrates in the muscles furnishes the energy for external muscu- 

 lar work. The following conclusions were also reached: The energy 

 for muscular labor is furnished by oxidation processes, both complete 

 and incomplete. When work is performed by a fasting animal, carbo- 

 hydrates are replaced by a ijartial oxidation of fat. The energy neces- 

 sary for muscular labor is never furnished by the oxidation of protein 

 of the cells and tissues of the organism. 



Investigation on the influence of muscular exertion on the me- 

 tabolism of protein, O. Kkummachee, {Ztschr. Biol., 33 {1896), Xo. 1, 

 pp. 108-138, pis. 2). — In experiments Avith men the author finds that the 

 nitrogen excretion in the urine is increased by muscular labor; the 

 increase is, however, not regular nor proportionate to the amount of 

 labor. In 1 experiment the amount of nitrogen metabolized could have 

 furnished enough energy for the external work performed. In the 2 

 other experiments this was not the case. The conclusion is reached 

 that fat and carbohydrates must also be considered sources of energy 

 for muscular labor. 



The influence of temperature on the amoimt of carbon dioxid 

 and water vapor produced by man v/lien performing severe mus- 

 cular labor, H. Wolpert {Arch. Eyg., 26, Xo. 1, pp. 32-67, fig. 1, dgm. 

 1). — These experiments were made with a respiration apparatus similar 

 to that of Petteukofer and Voit, described in Bulletin 21 of this Office 

 (E. S. E., 7, p. 14:8). Some modifications and improvements in construe- 



