DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 



171 



Steam consumption of power separators. 



Belt machines: 



Reid III! j)roved 



United States Xo. 1 



Alpha No. 1 



Alj)ha Acme 



De Laval: 



Standard 



United States No. 



United States No. 5 



Baby No. 2 



Turbine machines: 



Alpha No. 1 



Do 



Do 



Imperial Russian . . 



Standard Russian.. 

 Do 



Rated 



capacity. 



2, 000-3, 000 



1, 800-2, 300 



2, 000 



1,300 



1,000 

 G50 

 300 

 300 



2,000 



2,000 



2,000 



1, 200-1, 500 



1, 200-1, 500 



1,200-1,500 



Average 

 capacity 



as 

 operated. 



2, 775. 

 2.141.5 

 1,991.7 

 1,229.6 



971.5 

 679. 2 

 331.5 

 283.8 



2, 540. 7 

 2, 028. 9 

 1, 698. 9 

 2,041.6 

 1, 148.0 

 1, 420. 8 



Steam 

 required per 



1.000 lbs. 

 milk, includ- 

 ing amount 

 required 

 to start 

 machine.' 



Pounds. 



91.0 

 67.4 

 48.6 

 59.0 



126.9 

 38.7 

 44.5 

 28.3 



88.5 

 97.9 

 107.6 

 84.9 

 126.8 

 105.2 



' At the rate of 60 lbs. steam per indicated horsepower per hour. 



"Accordiug to the above figures, we find a very marked difference in the power 

 required to run the difiPerent machines and also in the pounds of steam jyer 1,000 

 lbs. of milk as found in the last column. This difference, though it may appear 

 surprisingly great, is easily accounted for upon a close inspection of the difterent 

 machines. The greater portion of the work required to operate one of these sepa- 

 rators is consumed in rotating the separator bowl; the (juautitj^ of milk passing 

 through the machine has little effect upon the total power required, and conse- 

 quently has a great effect upon the amount of steam required to skim 1,000 lbs. of 

 milk. We have, therefore, every reason to conclude that the power required to run 

 the machine varies chiefly with the mechanical construction and speed of the bowl, 

 while the capacity of the machine further affects the amount of steam required per 

 1,000 lbs. of milk separated. . . . 



"Considered from a standpoint of economy in the steam consumption, we find the 

 Baby No. 2 most efficient. It might therefore occur to some of the readers of this 

 bulletin that a number of these separators should be used in preference to one of the 

 larger ones. There are, however, other conditions which must be taken into consid- 

 eration. For example: Eight machines of the Baby No. 2 will skim as much milk 

 per hour as one machine of the Reid Improved style and will require a little less 

 than one-third the steam. The floor space may be the same in both cases. The first 

 cost of 8 machines of the Baby No. 2 would be much more than when using one of 

 the Reid separators, while the extra work required to operate 8 machines and clean 

 8 bowls as compared to that required to operate and clean one machine makes the 

 use of the smaller sizes entirely impractical and really places the larger machine 

 ahead of the smaller one in such cases as regards the total fiual cost. 



"The table shows that, generally speaking, the belt separator is more economical 

 than the steam separator, although some of the turbines, esiiecially the Imperial 

 Russian and Alpha No. 1, running at a capacity of 2,500 lbs., compare very favor- 

 ably with the belt machines, even surpassing a number of them. 



"The question often arises. Which of the 2 classes of machines, belt or turbine, is 

 more economical in a skimming station? 



" A careful consideration of all points involved, including cost of machine, engine, 

 shafting, running expenses, etc., shows that whatever difference there may be 

 between the 2 styles of machines is on the score of convenience rather than 

 economy." 



