ENTOMOLOGY. 241 



and depositing' their eggs in small numbers on the lower surfaces of the 

 leaves. The larva buries itself within the leaf tissue immediately upon 

 hatching, and at once commences to feed in a thread-like mine which 

 forms the curve of an entire semicircle. Before long the mine appears 

 as a blistered blotch in which often 3 or 4 larvne are found feeding 

 together. The pupa state is usually passed in the loose soil or under 

 lallen leaves, although occasionally it is undergone within the leaves. 

 The life cycle probably varies from 2 to 4 weeks, thus enabling the 

 si)ecies to produce G or 7 broods annually, the last passing the winter 

 in the pupa stage. The various stages of the insect's life history are 

 described and illustrated from photographs and the species is histori- 

 cally discussed. 



A bug {Coriscus inscriptns) feeds upon the larvae, piercing them with 

 its beak as they lie in their mines within the leaves, although the 

 opei ation itself has not been seen. 



Although some damage is done to beets, by far the most is produced 

 in the case of spinach, and combating the insect is made more difficult 

 because of its feeding upon lamb's-quarters at times when sjnuach and 

 beets are not available. 



For controlling the pest are recommended clean cultivation, destroy- 

 ing all plants of lamb's quarters, combined with late fall or early spring 

 plowing of old spinach and beet fields to so bury the pupating insects 

 that it will be imijossible for them to emerge. This plowing should be 

 deep and preferably followed by rolling of the ground. 



Some injurious insects, G. C. Davis {Michigan Sta. Bui. 133, pp. 30, 

 Jigs. 21). — This bulletin consists of illustrated, descriptive, and life-his- 

 tory notes on climbing cutworms, granary insects, and carpet beetles 

 and clothes moths. The speckled cutworm [Mamestra suhjuncta), white 

 cutworm {Carneades scandens), spotted -legged cutworm {Prosagrotis 

 vetusta), well-marked cutworm {Noctua clandestina), dingy cutworm 

 {Feltia subgothica), and variegated cutworm {Peridroma saiicia) are 

 treated. As the means of control, clean cultivation, wool bands, cater- 

 pillar and insect lime, and the use of poisoned buds are recommended. 



Of insects injurious in granaries, the saw-toothed grain beetle {8il- 

 vanus Surinam ensis), granary weevil {Calandra, granaria), Angoumois 

 grain moth {Geleckia cereaJella), flour beetles {TrihoUumfcrrugineum and 

 T. confusum), Mediterranean flour moth {Epliestia Jcuehniella), meal snout 

 moth {Pyralis farinalis), Indian meal moth {Plodia inter punctella), com- 

 mon meal worm (Tenehrio moUtor), and cadelle {Tenebrioides mauritani- 

 ciis) are figured and described. 



Care and cleanliness, to prevent the entrance of insects into granaries, 

 are urged, and for the destruction of the species found in the granaries 

 the use of carbon bisulphid is preferred. 



The buffalo carjiet beetle {Anthrenus scrophularia;), bushy tipped car- 

 pet beetle {Attagenus piceus), and two clothes moths [Tinea hiselliella 

 and 2\ pellionella) are described and their habits noted, gasoline being 

 recommended as a remedy against all 4 si)ecies. 



