DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 255 



number — were driven a. considerable distance, in some cases np a moun- 

 tain, and the milk analyzed for a nund)er of days before and after the 

 trip. These experiments were made on different cows, in different parts 

 of the country, and under varying conditions. They all showed that 

 heavy exercise influenced both the quantity and quality of milk. The 

 quantity of milk diminished and also the absolute amount of milk con- 

 stituents. This decrease was more or less noticeable in the first milk- 

 ing after the trip, according to the severity of the exercise, and was 

 much more noticeable in the second milking. The water content 

 decreased in the first milking and more in the second milking, then 

 gradually returned to the normal. The casein content increased in the 

 first milking, remained about the same iu the second milking, and then 

 gradually sunk to the normal. The fat content was much increased iu 

 the first milking, according to the severity of the trip, was still larger 

 in the second milking, and then gradually sunk to the normal. The 

 sugar content decreased in the first milking and usually rose again to 

 the normal in the second and following milkings. The asli content was 

 noticeably liigher in the first milking after the trip, and then sunk to 

 the normal. The acidity was not greater after than before the exercise, 

 as has been claimed. In no case did the milk curdle on heating. 



Three experiments were also made with goats, in two of which the 

 goats drew a load part of the way. As in the case of the cows, the 

 sugar content decreased considerably, and the fat content (probably 

 also the casein and ash) increased noticeably in the first milking after 

 the exercise. But in the case of the goats, the milk of the second 

 milking was nearly normal in composition, only the sugar being below 

 normal, and the increase in fat content did not continue in the second 

 milking. 



Danish feeding experiments -with milch covrs, 1887-'95, F. Friis 

 {Sdth Bpt. Kgl. Yet. and Lawlbohlijsl: Lab. landol: Forsog, Copenhagen, 

 1895, pp. 96). — The report gives a summary of all cooperative feeding 

 experiments with milch cows conducted by the Danish State Experi- 

 ment Station since 1887 (B. S. E., 4, pp. 601-G06; 6, pp. 588, 589,, 

 657-659), and in addition the results are given of the series of experi- 

 ments carried on during the winter of lS94-'95. In the latter a grain 

 mixture of barley and oats was compared with wheat on G different 

 estates on the same general plan as earlier experiments. In each case 

 the cows were divided into 3 lots. All were fed about 3.3 lbs. of wheat 

 bran, 1.8 lbs. of oil cake, 30 lbs. of mangel-wurzels, and 10 lbs. of hay 

 per head, and straw ad libitum. In addition lot A was fed on an aver- 

 age 5.2 lbs. of the grain mixture, lot B 2.G lbs. of the same and 2.G lbs. 

 of wheat, and lot C 5.2 lbs. of wheat. During the preliminary and post 

 experimental periods all the cows were fed the same rations as that 

 fed to lot A throughout the experiment. The average results follow 

 (p. 25G). 



