FIELD CROPS. 485 



4.2 per cent of phosphoric acid, aiui o.s per cent of potash. The fat 

 content, formerly 11 to 16 per cent, was iu some cases as lov as 2.5 per 

 cent. 



The water content of 618 samples of butter from 115 creameries was 

 determined. This varied from 10.3 to 17.29 and averaged 13.72 per cent. 



On the supposition that stable manure is used, in ^what manner can the sj'^s- 

 tem of farming light soils be changed, or modified, so as to secure a higher net 

 yield? K. Geiger {Deut. landiv. Presse, 23 {ISOG), Xos. S3, j'P- 742, 743; S4, p. 753; 

 87, p. 775; SS, p. 7S4 ; S9, ^yp. 790, 791; 90, pp. SOO, SOI; 91, p. S07 ; 92, pp. 816, 817). 



Influence of the proportion of the fertilizing constituents on the yield, J. 

 Eatlix (Ann. Sci. A<jron., scr. ;?, 1 {ISOr,), Xo.3,pp. 404-409). 



Humus and mineral fertilizers, Maizierks {L'Enr/rais, 11 (1S96), Xo. 51, pp. 1211- 

 1213; 52, pp. 1235,1236). — An arffument in fiivor of keeping the soil well supplied 

 with organic matter, especially by means of green manures, etc., when chemical fer- 

 tilizers are used. 



The management of barnyard manure, J. Konig (Landw. T'ers. Slat. Miinsier, 

 Eine Denkschrift, 1896, pp. 208-215). — This is a review of the work of this station in 

 this line since its organization ' as well as of the -work of other investigators. 



The conclusions reached are that the manure pile must l)e carefully constructed 

 and protected from extremes of moisture and sunshine. It should be kept moist but 

 not wet. It is well to turn cattle in upon it occasionally to tramp it down, and thus 

 exclude excess of air. When the heap is completed it should be covered with earth. 

 If these precautions are observed the use of preservatives may be dispensed with. 

 The profitableness of the use of the latter in any case is determined by their cost. 



Conservation of stable manure, L. Gkandeau (Jour. A(jr. Prat., 60 (1896), II, 

 No. 47, pp. 747-750). 



Examinations of lime, limestone, and marl, J. Konig (Landw. Fern. Stat. 

 Miinster, Eine Denlschrift, 1S96, pp. 90-124). — Analyses of a large number of samples 

 of these materials are tabulated and the role of lime as a fertilizer is discussed. 



Origin of the nitrate of Chile, W. Newton {Rev. Agron. Louvain, 15 {1896), No. 3, 

 pp. 122-127). 



Nitrate deposit in South Africa (UEngruis, 11 (1896), No. 51, p. 1216). — An 

 extensive deposit of nitrate of potash is reported about 25 miles north of Pretoria. 



Notes on fertilizing -with phosphoric acid, Tancue {Eiihlitu/'s landw. Ztg., 

 45 (1896), No. 24, pp. 732-740). 



Experiments with fertilizers at the Miinster Station, Germany, J. K<)NIG 

 {Laiidw. Vers. Stat. Miinster, Eine Denkschrift, 1S96, pp. lil-..'9). — This is a part of a 

 review of the first 25 years' work of this station, and summarizes the results of 

 examinations of bone meal, guano, nitrate of soda, Thomas slag and mineral 

 phosphates, Hensel's mineral fertilizers, concentrated cattle manure, peat and feces 

 mixture, town seAvage, sludge, mill waste, leached wood ashes, etc. 



FIELD CROPS. 



Fertilizer experiments upon clovers, A. von Liebenberg [Mitt. 

 Ver. FiJrd. landw. YersudiHir. Oesterr., II {1896), No. i, pp. l()-27). — In 

 cooperative tests at 3 different places phosphoric acid, jjliosphoric acid 

 and kaiuit, and phosphoric acid, kainit, and lime were ai)plied to plats 

 of red clover, alfalfa and grass, and red clover and esparcet. Tabu- 

 lated details are given for crop jiroduction, composition of soil, and 



' See Landw. Jahrb., 1873, p. 107; Ber. Landw. Vers. Stat. Miinster, 1878, p. 203. 



