FORESTRY. 603 



The enemies of this, as well as the other species, are enumerated and 

 more or less fully described. Among the more important are forest fires, 

 indiscriminate pasturing, insects, and fungus diseases. Suggestions 

 are given for the prevention of these injuries. 



In addition to the foregoing, an extended account is given of the tur- 

 pentine and related industries and the effect of such industries upon 

 the quality of the timber and the condition of the forests of long-leaf 

 pine, that species probably furnishing the greatest quantity of these 

 substances. 



Associated with the long-leaf pine in its more southern range is the 

 Cuban pine, the timber of which is said to be little if any inferior to 

 that of the long-leaf species. This tree abounds in resin, and is also 

 valuable on this account. The lumber of these two pines is said to be 

 sawn and shipped rather indiscriminately, the two species being closely 

 related, and to the casual observer identical. The rate of growth of 

 the Cuban pine is much more rapid than that of its congener, resulting 

 in a somewhat coarser structure of the wood, the durability of which 

 is still to be ascertained. 



The short-leaf pine has a more extended range than either of the 

 other species mentioned. In commercial importance it is said to rank 

 next to the long-leaf pine. This species is said to be less sensitive to a 

 deficiency of liglit than some others, and on this account it becomes 

 very aggressive whenever openings are made in forests. On account 

 of its very rapid growth and the readiness with which it establishes 

 itself, this species is destined to take an important position in systems 

 of reforestation. 



The loblolly pine produces timber a little inferior to the others, but on 

 account of its rapid growth it will probably become an important factor 

 in the future forests of the region where it abounds. There are several 

 distinct grades of loblolly which are recognized by lumbermen under 

 the names rosemary pine, swamx) or slash pine, and old field pine? 

 their relative value being in the order enumerated. Where strength 

 and durability are not the prime requisites, loblolly pine ranks as of 

 very great value. 



The last species described is the spruce pine. It is much less com- 

 mon than the other species, and is confined to the subtropical portions 

 of the United States, where it is frequently confused with the short-leaf 

 pine. As it nowhere. forms forests of any considerable extent, it is of 

 little importance to the lumber industry. The timber is said to be 

 rather poor in quality, light, soft, and easily worked, but is probably 

 well adapted to certain uses. 



An introductory chapter to the bulletin furnished by the Chief of the 

 division, B. E. Fernow, consists mainly of a resume of the contents of 

 the various monographs. Especial attention is drawn to the necessity 

 of rational methods of management of forests. Statistics of supply, 

 consumption, rate of growth, etc., are plentifully supplied, which must 

 prove valuable to any student of tlie subject. 



