AGRl CULTURAL ENGINEERING. 635 



Comparison of different breeds of dairy cow^s with reference to the produc- 

 tion of cheese, L. L. ^'AN Si.yke {Xcir York Slate Std. Upt. ISDl, pp. 3')1-4.',1). — This 

 is a reprint of Bulletiu 79 of the statiu'.i (E. S. li., 7, p. 47) Avith tbo following added 

 <lata: Cost of food cateu, yield of milk and luilk constituents and cost of the same, 

 yield of butter, amount of milk required per pound of butter, cost per ]>ouud of 

 butter, and the butter record for each cow in each mouth of lactation. 



Note on the concentration of condensed milk, A. H. Allex {Analyst, 21 (1896), 

 A'or., 2U'- "^^' ~i^V). — Formulas are given fur calculating- the Avater to be added 

 to condensed milk to dilute it to its original consistence and for calculating the 

 solids and fat in the diluted milk. A table shows for 12 brands the amounts of 

 water to be added for cooking and ordinary use, and for infant's use. 



Calculation of the yield of butter from milk, E. Saillard (Jour. A(jr. I'rtit., 61 

 {1897), 1, Ao. 8, pp. 93-ur,). 



The production and exportation of butter in Finland, G. Grotenfelt (Land- 

 hrukii i I'hnihuKl : extract in M'dch Ztg., 25 (1S9G), Xo. 4'!, p. 732). — The history of the 

 develojiment of butter making is reviewed. In the middle of the present century 

 about one-half million kilograms (over 1,000,000 lbs.) of butter was exported, all of 

 ■which was made by the peasants. The amount made on large estates subsequently 

 increased, and tinaily in about 1880 creameries were established by the peasants. In 

 1895, 14,115,054 kg. (over 31 million lbs.) was exported. 



Statistics of the creameries of Mecklenburg-SchTwerin for the year 1895, 

 J. 8IEDEL ( MUcli Ztg., 20 (1S96), Xo. 49, p. 779). 



Character and extent of investigation relating to the manufacture of cheese 

 during the season of 1894, L. L. ^'AN Slyki: iXew York State Sin. Bpt. 1S04, pp. 452- 

 622).— X reprint of Bulletin 82 of the station (E. S. E., 7, p. 158). 



AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING. 



American highways, X. S. Sualer (Xew York: The Century Co., 1896, pp. 293, 

 figx. 16, pis. 11). — In his preface the author states that this work is not intended to 

 constitute a complete treatise on road making from the professional engineer's stand- 

 l)oiut, because such works are already niniierous; but it was prepared with a view 

 to its serving as a guide "for those who wish to understand the general aspects of 

 the highway problem, or who would learn what kind of road may be contrived to 

 meet the needs of the various surroundings, natural and artiiicial, iu which our 

 people find themselves." 



The author's experience as one of the three members of the JNIassachusetts High- 

 way Commission is largely drawn upon iu the preparation of the book. It is believed 

 that an examination of it will show that it attains the object sought in a very satis- 

 factory manner, and covers very completely a portion of the field of road making 

 which has heretofore been neglected. The scope of the work is indicated by the 

 chapter headings: General history of road building, early American roads, eliect of 

 climate, nature and distribution of road materials and the methods of use, methods 

 of testing road materials, the governmental relations of roads, the relation of pub- 

 lic ways to the ornamentation of a country, methods of constructing roads, methods 

 of administration of roads, machines used inroad making, the cost of road building — 

 sidewalks — parapets — city streets, on education in the science and ai't of road 

 building, and sununary and conclusion. Ap])endices give the Massachusetts laws 

 relating to road building; laboratory tests of road-building stones; contract prices 

 on Massachusetts State roads, 1894-'95, and a list of important works on highway 

 construction. 



Draft of harrows, C. AV. ]McCui.i,()r(;ii (Agl. Studoif, 3 (1S9G), Xo. 3, pp. 74, 75). 



Combined w^eed-seed separator and grading machine Universal (I)eul. landw. 

 Presse, 23 (1896), Xo. 78, p. 702, Jig. 1). — The chall', dust, and lighter portions are first 



