SEEDS WEEDS. 703 



Forest injury due to iron works, K. Hartk; (Forsil. naturw. Ztuchr., G {1S97), 

 No. 1, pp. 4ii-4i. fig. /). — An accoiiiit is jjiviui of a serious iujury to lir trees which 

 the author thinks is traceahle to lunies from adjoining iron works. 



Forest fires and how to prevent them, H. X. Jakciidw {Forester, 2 {1897), Xo. 2, 

 pp. Jl-JS). — Discusses some of the causes of forest tires and gives methods for their 

 prevention as well as for com hating them. 



Report of the forestry stations, C. II. Siiixx (CuUfornia sta. Ept. 1S95, pp. 440- 

 445, ph. 4). — A report is given of the jiresent condition and outline of work of the 

 forestry stations at Santa Monica and Chico. 



The forests of Pennsylvania, C. A. Keffer {Garden and Forest, 10 {1897), Xo. 

 471, p. 88). 



SEEDS— WEEDS. 



On the structure of the seed coats of certain species of Bras- 

 sica and Sinapis, O. Burchard (Jour. Lanchc, 44 {1896), No. 4, pp. 

 337-311, pL 1). — Ou account of the substitution of seed of different 

 species of these plants in oil manufacture and in oil cake the author has 

 continued his study of their seed coats. He tinds in the sclereuchyma 

 characters by which they can be readily distinguished. In the present 

 paper he gives the characteristics of the seed coats of Sinapis dissecta, 

 S. trilociilari.'i, and 2 varieties of S.juncea, comparing them with S. alha. 

 There is also given an analytical key, based upon anatomical and 

 microscopical characters, to 1() of the species of Sinapis and Brassica 

 most commonly found in the trade. 



Notions -weeds and how to destroy them, III, {Dcpt. Ayr. and 

 Immigr., Manitoba, 1897, pp. 39, figs. 16). — The author points out the 

 importance of eradication of weeds and briefly describes their origin, 

 distribution, preventives, and methods for eradication. The following 

 weeds are described, some of which are new to the country or have 

 but recently become troublesome : Penny cress, wild mustard, tumbling 

 mustard, hare's ear mustard, false flax, summer rape, ball mustard 

 {Neslia paniculata), pepper grass, spider flower {Cleome integrifuUa), 

 gum weed {Grindelia squarrosa). showy lettuce {Mnlgedinm pnUlieUum), 

 prickly lettuce, great ragweed, Boman wormwood or l)itter weed, marsh 

 elder {Ira xanthiifoHa), Canada thistle, perennial sow thistle, common 

 sow thistle, prairie thistle {Cnicus unduJatus), oxeye daisy, Canada 

 fleabane, false tansy {Artemisia hiennis), cow herb, sticky cockle {Silene 

 noctifiora), chickweed, carraway, fumitory, wild rose {Ixosa blanda), 

 silver weed {PotentiUa anserina), black bindweed, Russian thistle, 

 Russian pigweed {Axyris amaranthoides), couch grass, and wild oats. 



The relation of weed seeds to the milling industry is shown, and the 

 subject is considered sufficiently important ibr future investigntion. 

 The presence of seed of the giant ragweed in Avheat or oats is said to 

 greatly depreciate the value of the grain. 



The weed law of Manitoba is quoted, and a table of 75 weeds, in 

 which is given their common and scientific names, where injurious, 

 annual or not, time of flowering, seeding, methods of eradication, etc., 

 concludes the bulletin. 



