FERTILIZERS. 969 



The consumption of commercial fertilizers in Vermont, J. L. Hills autl B. 



O. Wiini". ( ]\-rmont Sta. lipt. 1S'>.'', p}>. 43, 41). — Statistics C()liectf<l l)y the station 

 indicate that "the i)re8t'ut yearly It'itilizcr trade in Vermont api)ro.\imate8 13,000 

 tons.'' 



Manures in Egypt and soil exhaustion, W. C MacKkn/ie Jincl G. P. Foadkx 

 (('nirersitji J'tihlic liistntclion, Cairo, I'l/njit, 1S96, pj). 70). — The nature and causes of 

 soil exhaustion and the maintenance of soil fertility by means of rotation, the growth 

 of leguminous crops, and the use of manures are disciisseil, as well as the composi- 

 tiim of Kgyi)tian soils, the fertilizing effect of Nile water, the amount and quality 

 of the manures available iu Egypt, and the composition and fertilizing requirements 

 of the following crops grown in that country: Cotton, clover, alfalfa, sugarcane, 

 wheat, barley, maize, beans, and potatoes. 



The economic value of farm manures, H. J. Waters {Mii^souri iSVa. Bui. 34, pp. 

 20-25). — This is a brief popular discussion of the conditions affecting the composition 

 and Aalue of farm manures, and some of the common losses of fertilizing materials 

 in manures and practical means of ])reventing them. 



How shall manure be used? ^I. Maercker, J. H. Vogel, and P. Wacxei: (Ment- 

 zcl inid von Lengerkc's hiiidw. Kalemler, 1S97, II, pp. 63-126). 



G-reen manuring and the value of clovers and co"wpeas in maintaining soil 

 fertility, II. J. Waters {Missouri Sta. Bui. 34, pp. 26-33, Jigs. 2). — A brief popular dis- 

 cussion is given of the value of red clover, crimson clover, and cowpeas for green 

 manuring, with suggestions as to their culture and management. 



Successful experiment in green manuring with lupines, A. Lidoate (Suyar, 9 

 {1S97), Xo. 6, p. 81). — Plowing under lupines proved beneficial to sugar cane crops. 



Influence of humus upon the fertility of the soil, Taxcrk (Zlscin: Inuchc. Or. 

 Bhciiipreiissen, 14 (1S97), Xo. 12, pp. 105,106). 



On the importance of lime in agriculture, and its application on different 

 soils, K. Akerherg (Kgl. Landt. Akud. Ilandl., 35 (lS9r,),.Xo. 4, pp. 201-209). 



Marl and marling, R. Heixrich (Mergel und Mergeln. Berlin: 1\ Parey, 1896^ 

 pp. 63, figs. 14). — This is a prize essay prepared under the auspices of the Mecklenburg 

 Patriotic Union and is one of the many evidences of renewed interest iu the subject 

 of the agricultural uses of lime. The action of lime as a plant food and the depend- 

 ence of the plant upon the lime content of the soil are briefly discussed. The more 

 important chapters of the pamphlet are devoted to the chemical and physical actiot 

 of lime in the soil and to the practical features of liming and marling. An interest- 

 ing chapter is added on the injurious inHuences of lime on lupines. It has been 

 noted for sometime that lupines, unlike other members of the Leguminosa*, are 

 injured by tlie application of lime compounds to the soil. The author has carried 

 out experiments to determine the effect of carbonate, phosphate, and sulphate of 

 lime (gypsum), and magnesium carbonate on this plant. All of these substances 

 ])rovcd injurious, the most marked effect being produced by calcium jiho-sphate and 

 magnesium carbonate, and the least injury resulting from gyjjsum. Magnesium car- 

 bonate at the rate of 0.5 per cent completely c-hecked the growth of the plants, and 

 calcium jdiosphate at the rate of 1 jit^r cent produced the same result, and was very 

 injurious at the rate of 0.5 per cent. It was found that this injurious action of car- 

 bonate of lime could be overcome to a c<m8iderable extent l)y the use of cither kainit 

 or nitrate of soda, or both. 



On the injurious effect of Chile saltpeter, C Stak.s (Tidachr. rianUnzukt, 2 

 (1896), pp. 106-111).— A. bri<'f review of tiie ob.servations of de Caluwi!" and Sjollema.' 



The value of soot as a fertilizer, A. Mayku (Jour. Landu-., 25 (1897), Xo. /, 

 pp. 7-9).— In one .sample of soot made by a i»eat fire there was found 28. 5 per cent of 

 ash, 2.9 per cent of ammoniacal nitrog<-n, and 5 per cent of total nitrogen; in 

 another 22.6 per cent of ash. 4.6 per cent of ammoniacal nitrogen, and 8 per cent of 

 total nitrogen. The nitrogen not iu ammoniacal form was found to be in form of 



' Landbode, 1896, Nos. 19 aiul 2:!. 



"Cheni. Ztg., 2 (1896), No. 101, p].. 1002 (K. S. K., s, p. 702). 



