978 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



the process was slow and wasteful. By mixing e(iual parts of fermented 

 cider and old vinegar, the process of fermentation was greatly hastened, 

 but this method can not be followed without a large stock of old vin- 

 egar at hand. Factory methods of vinegar making were not tried. 



Figures and descriptions are given of cider grinder and press, jelly 

 evaporator, marmalade cooker, colander, etc. 



The pineapple at Myers, O. Clute and W. A. Marsh {Florida 

 iSta. liiil. v; , pp. o'Jo-lOl). — The bulletin gives detailed directions for 

 raising pineapples, and the experience of the station with them. 



Directions for the construction of shelters for pineapples and the cost 

 of material and construction are given in detail. 



An experiment was begun at the station in 1894 to determine the 

 relative profit of pineapple culture under shelter and in the open field. 

 The shelter covered one-tenth of an acre. A number of varieties of 

 inneapples were used. These were compared with one tenth of an acre 

 of pineapples without shelter. The fertilizers used and the care given 

 were the same in each case. The plants in the open field were injured 

 by the freezes of 1894 and 1895. They threw out suckers at once, but 

 Ijroduced no fruit in 1896. The sheltered plants were uninjured by the 

 freezes, and produced 45 fruits in 1895 and 018 fruits in 1896. Besides 

 the fruit 5,250 new plants were obtained from those under shelter. 

 The fruit and i)lants obtained under shelter were worth at the ordinary 

 price $516. The cost for labor and manures was but $20. The cost of 

 raising one-tenth of an acre of pineapples without shelter was the same. 

 The authors estimate that the cost of shelter is about $500 per acre. 

 The average cost of land in condition for setting pineai)ples is about 

 $60 per acre. The cost of plants is at present from $8 to $250 i)er 

 thousand, according to the variety purchased. 



Descriptions are given of 10 varieties of pineapples. The varieties 

 recommended are, in order of value. Smooth Cayenne, Abbaka, Golden 

 Queen, Enville City, Porto Rico, Black Jamaica, Prickly Cayenne, Red 

 Spanish, and Sugar Loaf. 



A single test nmde at the station in 1896 indicated that in regard to 

 the keeping qualities, the varieties stand in the following order: Black 

 Jamaica, Smooth Cayenne, Abbaka, Red Spanish, Golden Queen, 

 Enville City. 



The insects that have aftected the pineapple at the station are the 

 mealy bug and the chaff scale. Spraying with a strong solution of 

 tobacco or with a sulphur solution is recommended. The plants are 

 also affected by two diseases, blight and "long leaf." The first is char- 

 acterized by the leaves turning yellow and the base of the plant rotting. 

 Spraying with sulphur solution seemed to check the disease. Plants 

 will often recover if taken up, trimmed, and reset. In the case of "long 

 leaf," the leaves become contracted and make very slow growth, prob- 

 ably due to some unfavorable condition of the soil. Perfect drainage 

 and shallow setting are recommended as preventives. 



A table is given showing the maximum, minimum, and mean monthly 



