42 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.88 



tilfzer tests with apples, and also with peaches (E. S. R., 33. p. 840), con- 

 ducted at the West Virginia Experiment Station during the past several years. 



The results in general indicate that as far as apples are concerne<^l fertilizers 

 would be wasted in many orchards, especially if they are under cultivation. 

 On the other hand, orchards in sod in a low state of vigor would doubtless 

 respond to liberal applications of nitrogen in some form and perhaps phosphoric 

 acid. Peach orchards in only moderate vigor were found to respond promptly 

 to applications of nitrogen, but potash or phosphoric acid, if applied at all, 

 should be used only in a small way for test purposes. 



The effect of pruning on the set of fruit, E. J. Kbaus (Trans. Ind. Hort. 

 Soc, 1916, pp. 200-226, figs. 2). — A discussion of this subject based upon in- 

 vestigations conducted at the Oregon Experiment Station (B. S. R., 36, p. 237). 



Dusting V. spraying, W. S. Bkock (Trans. Ind. Hort. Soc. 1916, pp. 69-81, 

 figs. 3). — In this paper the author briefly reviews the results secured at a num- 

 ber of experiment stations with the dust spray and describes the experiments 

 conducted In a number of orchards under the direction of the Illinois Station 

 in 1915 and 1916. 



Summarizing the results secured it is concluded that liquid spray is more 

 efficient than dust spray as a means of controlling fungi, can be applied dur- 

 ing high winds, costs less, and is necessary to use as dormant sprays. Dust 

 spray can be applied more rapidly, requires less labor and lighter equipment 

 for hauling through the orchard, its preparation is less complicated, and it is 

 possible to use it late in the season when hot weather makes it impossible 

 to spray with lime-sulphur. 



[Report of] department of experimental pomology, J. P. Stewaet and 

 W. C. Gillespie (Pennsylvania Sta. Rpt. 1915, pp. 4^5-464)- — This report con- 

 tains a brief statement of the work of the department, together with tabular 

 results to the close of 1914 obtained from the various apple experiments. The 

 work in the young orchards has been previously noted in Bulletin 134 of the 

 station (E. S. R., 33, p. 238), which is here reprinted. The work in bearing 

 orchards through the season of 1915 is reported in Bulletin 141 of the station 

 (E. S. R., 35, p. 644). 



The Duchess apple improved, M. J. Dorsey (Jour. Heredity, 8 (1917), No. 12, 

 pp. 56-5-567, fig. J).— In this paper the author describes and illustrates an im- 

 proved type of the Duchess apple that has been found by W. Bardwell in his 

 orchard near Excelsior, Minn. Prom the evidence at hand the author is in- 

 clined to believe that this new type of Duchess is a good illustration of a 

 variety being improved by bud variation. 



Developing foreign markets for apples, C. W. Moomaw (Proc. 2. Pan Amer. 

 Sci. Cong., 1915-16, vol. S, pp. 646-665). — A paper read befoi*e the Second Pan 

 American Scientific Congress, held at Washington, D. C, December 27, 1915, 

 to January 8, 1916, containing a statistical review of the apple trade between 

 the United States and foreign countries, together with suggestions for ex- 

 tending foreign markets for apples. 



The peaches of New York, U. P. Hedkick et al. (Neio York State Sta. Rpt. 

 1916, pt. 2, pp. Xin+541, pis. 95).— This is the fifth of the station's mono- 

 graphs on the fruits of temperate North America (E. S. R., 33, p. 439). The 

 work is similar in nature and pui-poses to the previous volumes. The suc- 

 cessive chapters deal with the history of the peach, botanical and horticultural 

 classifications of the peach, commercial peach growing in America, peach grow- 

 ing in New York, leading varieties of peaches, and minor varieties of peaches. 



The most important varieties are illu.strated in colors, and all information 

 that was thought would be helpful In breeding peaches, as well as to students 



