19181 RUBAL ECONOMICS. 89 



struction and the efficient management of common storage houses for apples 

 under the conditions prevailing in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana. 



" The efficiency of a common storage house will depend primarily upon the 

 rapidity with which the fruit is cooled and the storage temperatures maintained. 

 A common storage building, therefore, must necessarily provide for two things — 

 the freest circulation and intake of cold air during the night or the cooler periods 

 of the day and the conservation of this cold air by closing all hatches and 

 intakes before the outside temperature begins to rise and by preventing the 

 leakage of heat through the walls, floors, and ceilings of the building. For the 

 intake of cold air, openings should be provided at or near the ground or the lower 

 part of the building, while air shafts leading upward from the ceiling of the 

 storage chamber or chambers should be provided to carry off the warm air. 

 To prevent the leakage of heat into the building, the walls, ceilings, and floors 

 must be insulated. As these two factors govern to a considerable extent the 

 rapidity of cooling and the maintenance of low temperatures, the importance of 

 ventilation and insulation can hardly be overestimated- . . . Upon these depend 

 in the final analysis the success or failure of the common storage house." 



Potato storag'e and storag'e houses, W. Stxjaet {U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers^ 

 Bui. 847 (1911), pp. 27, figs. 20).— The methods of handling potatoes in storage 

 are discussed and the fundamental factors of the construction and management 

 of storage houses dealt with in detail. 



RURAL ECONOMICS. 



Introduction to rural sociology, P. L. Vogt (New York and London: D. 

 Appleton d Co., 1917, pp. XVI-J-44S, figs. 20). — This volume covers the usual 

 field of a book relating to rural sociology, and has paid special attention to the 

 organization and function of villages. 



The author points out that " comparatively little of the field could have been 

 explored. Enough has been done, however, to justify definite conclusions as to 

 certain phases of the subject, and the attempt has been made to present the 

 more important of the conclusions reached. While many of the data are neces- 

 sarily limited in scope, they are presented as a basis for further study in wider 

 areas. It is believed they are drawn from sources which are typical of the 

 entire agricultural area, which has been made the topic of special investigation." 



The determination of the cost of production of farm crops, J. Wyllie 

 (Jour. Bd. Agr. [London'\, 24 {1917), No. 4, pp. 4OS-4I6) .—The author defines 

 cost of production as a figure which represents the minimum net price at which 

 a certain crop can be sold or otherwise realize a fair return on invested capital 

 and a reasonable remuneration for the manager of the business. He discusses 

 in detail the cost of producing a few of the more important crops. 



The diversified farm, H. M. Eliot and H. B. Kuxough {Texas Agr. Col. 

 Ext. Serv. Bui. B-41 {1917), pp. 29, figs. 2^).— The authors have outlined the 

 monthly labor requirements and the farm earnings of the types of farming in 

 which cotton is the principal money crop. Their outline is based on records 

 during the year 1915-16 from 213 farms in a number of counties in Texas. 



The farm labor situation in California, R. L. Adams {California Sta. [Pub.], 

 1917. pp. 14)- — This report describes the demand for and supply of farm 

 laborers and methods for obtaining laborers, and discusses the relationships 

 between employer and employee and similar phases. Model application and 

 request blanks are included. 



Food needs for 1918. — Agricultural program for the period beginning 

 •with the autumn of 1917 {U. S. Dept. Agr., Office Sec. Circ. 75 {1917), pp. 

 14). — This circular sets forth the acreage of fall wheat and rye necessary to 



