1918] 



SOILS — JTERTILIZEES. 



217 



more detailed study and reclassification than that previously noted (E. S. R., 

 16, p. 27; 19, p. 417). 



The soils of the county are of glacial, residual, alluvial, or possibly loessial 

 origin, together with an accumulation of organic matter in the low places 

 resulting in the formation of peat, which occupies 16.4 per cent of the total 

 area. Exclusive of the peat, 23 soil types of nine series have been mapped, of 

 which Plainfield sand, Gloucester sand, r.nd Gloucester sandy loam cover 

 15.1, 14.2, and 10.9 per cent of the area, respectively. 



Soil survey of Wood County, Wis., W. J. Geib, G. Conrey, W. C. Boardman, 

 and G. B. Post {U. S. Dept. Agr., Adv. Sheets Field Opcr. Bur. Soils, 1915, pp. 

 51, fig. 1, map 1). — This survey, made in cooperation with the State of Wis- 

 consin, deals with the soils of an area of 517,760 acres in central Wisconsin, 

 the topography of which is level to rolling. The soils of the area are of glacial, 

 residual, alluvial, and possibly loessial origin. 



Including muck, peat, and sands, 19 soil types of seven series are mapped, 

 of which the Spencer silt loam. Vesper silt loam, and peat cover 25.9, 15, and 

 13.1 per cent of the area, respectively. 



Soil experiments on the Ozark upland, M. F. Miller and F. L. Duley {Mis- 

 souri Sta. Bui. lJ/8 {1911), pp. 28, figs 7). — This reports the results of experi- 

 ments in soil management begun in 1910, near St. James, Mo., on Gerald silt 

 loam in the nontimbered parts of the Ozark region and forms one of a series 

 of ^uch studies on various soil types throughout the State. The plan of the 

 experiment embraces a four-year rotation of corn, soy beans, wheat, and clover 

 grown alone and under different soil treatments, including the use of legumes, 

 barnyard manure, lime, rock phosphate, bone meal, and potash. The average 

 yields per acre of all crops for the period of the experiment were as follows : 



Average yields per acre of all crops groivn on St. James experiment field, 



1911-1916. 



Treatment. 



Legume 



Legume, lime 



Legume, lime, bone meal 



No treatment 



Legume, lime, bone meal 



potash 



Manure , 



Manure, rock phosphate 



Corn. 



Lfl. 75 

 24. 98 

 2i:;. 56 



■:o. 84 



?,r). 25 

 43.01 

 44. 88 



Corn 



stover. 



Lbs. 

 1,334 

 1,607 

 1,674 

 1,481 



2,286 

 2,593 

 2, 735 



Wheat. 



Bu. 

 10.95 

 12.08 

 18.56 



21.85 

 17.71 

 21.38 



Wheat 



straw. 



Us. 



1, 1.33 



1,281 



1,963 



894 



2,-344 

 2,062 

 2,535 



Soy 

 beans. 



Lbs. 

 2,927 

 3,196 

 3,273 

 2,592 



3,392 

 3,646 

 3,934 



Cowpeas, 

 4 crops. 



Lbs. 



1,488 

 1,666 

 2,017 

 1,387 



2,065 

 2,727 



Clover, 

 2 crops 



Lbs. 



775 



1,687 



4,912 



657 



5,425 

 3,087 

 3,837 



Tabulated, data are presented and discussed, showing the results obtained 

 with each crop separately, and the cost of production and the monetary returns 

 from the different soil treatments. 



Barnyard manure showed the highest net return for any one fertilizing ma- 

 terial, amounting to $7.07 per acre annually, or $3.54 per ton for an 8-ton 

 application once in four years. Eight tons of barnyard manure and 1,000 lbs. 

 of rock pho.sphate, applied to clover stubble and plowed under, showed the 

 highest annual net return for any combination of treatments, .$8.89 per acre. 

 Bone meal netted $2.43 annually, rock phosphate $1.81, and potash $1.88 per 

 acre. Lime applied at the rate of 2 tons per acre at the beginning of a 6-year 

 period was profitable, but the legume treatments alone have not been profitable. 



Recommendations for soil management, based on the results obtained in 

 these experiments, are outlined in detail. The main features are a system of 

 Uve-stock farming in which little grain is sold and all the manure carefully 



