262 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOKD. [Vol.38 



beinj? boru as larvae (Glosslna) and others as pupse (Hippobosca, Melophagus, 

 and Ornlthomyia). 



The relation of mosquitoes and flies to the epidemiology of acute polio- 

 myelitis, H. NoGUcni and R. Kudo (Jour. IJcpt. Med., 26 {1917), No. 1, pp. JfO- 

 57). — " C'ulex pipiens raised from the larval stage in water experimentally con- 

 taminated with an abundance of poliomyelitic virus were found to be incapable 

 of causing the infection when allowed in large numbers to bite normal Macacus 

 monkeys. C. pipiens, which were fed on infected poliomyelitic monkeys dur- 

 ing different stages of the disease, were found to be incapable of transmitting 

 the infection when allowed in large numbers to bite normal Macacus monkeys. 

 A previous disturbance of the meninges by an injection of horse serum into the 

 intrathecal space did not alter the result, which was negative. 



" The offspring of the mosquitoes, which were either reared in the infected 

 tanks or fed on infected monkeys, were found to be entirely harmless when 

 allowed to feed in large numbers on a normal monkey. There was no hereditary 

 transmission of the virus from one generation to another. No trace of the 

 virus of poliomyelitis was demonstrable in the filtrate of an emulsion of adult 

 flies and pupse of the common house fly and bluebottle fly, which were reared 

 in the laboratory on slices, emulsion, or filtrate of monkey brain containing the 

 poliomyelitic virus. The intracerebral injection of the filtrate produced no 

 poliomyelitic infection in the normal monkey." 



Notes on fly control in military camps, H. B. Kikk {Wellinyton, New Zeal.: 

 New Zealand Defence Dept., 1916, pp. 16, figs. S). — A summary of practical in- 

 formation on this subject. 



Some winter observations of muscid flies, M. Kislixjk, jk. {Ohio Jour. Sci., 

 17 {1917), No. S, pp. 2S5-29Jf). — This paper is based upon experiments conducted 

 at College Park, Md., during 1914-15, and continued at Columbus, Ohio, during 

 1916-17. They show the greatest length of life of adults under winter condi- 

 tions to be 44 days (December 12, 1914, to January 29, 1915, extreme tempera- 

 tures 15 to 63°, mean 45°) in the unheated stable, and but 30 days (December 

 16, 1914, to February 2, 1915, extreme temperature 13 to 62°, mean 30°) in the 

 iusectary. Eggs were not deposited in the insectary until April 20, while in 

 the stable they were noted on May 6. 



Under natural conditions neither eggs nor maggots were found alive in the 

 normally preferred situations, although the maggots will probably be found 

 in early winter. The adults were not collected during the winter proper in 

 houses where it was formerly supposed they were hiding. Apparently under 

 natural conditions the house fly hibernates as pupa. 



The author's observations indicate that many of the other common flies 

 hibernate in the larval and pupal stages, including Lvcilia sericata, Phormia 

 regina, Callipliora erythrocepJiala, C. vomitoria, and Cynomyia cadaverina. 

 L. ccesar may spend the winter in the larval stage, and there is plenty of 

 evidence that Pollenia rudis hibernates as an adult, although the apparent 

 appearance of fresh spring specimens suggests that it also hibernates in the 

 immature stages. 



Florida and the Mediterranean fruit fly, E. A. Back {Quart. Bui. Plant Bd. 

 Fla., 1 {1917), No. 4, pp. 159-171, pis. 2, figs. 5).— In this general account the 

 author calls attention to the disastrous results that would follow should this 

 fly gain entrance to Florida. 



The apple maggot in Nova Scotia, W. H. Brittain and C. A. Good {Nova 

 Scotia Dept. Agr. Bui. 9 {1917), pp. 70, pis. 7, figs. 3).— This bulletin is based 

 upon a careful inspeclrion of maggot-infested territory of Nova Scotia, and 

 upon experimental work by the junior author during the seasons of 1914 and 



