318 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.38 



and of the monsoons of the Great Lakes of North America, notwithstanding the 

 interference that their typical development suffers from the procession of cy- 

 clonic and anticyclonic eddies of the west wind belt." 



It is shown in the paper " that lakes exercise an important influence upon 

 the climate of their adjacent lands, even in the belt of westerly winds, where 

 their influence is often obscured by eddy motions on a larger scale. Their 

 influence is not restricted to the simple transfer of moist, cool lake air to 

 the adjacent shores on hot summer days, or to the tempering of passing cold 

 waves, but their influence extends, on account of the special phenomena of 

 ascending and descending air currents, to regions far from the lake shores, 

 where they cause heavier rainfall in the warmer months and clear, frosty 

 nights whenever the land surface temperature is lower than that of the lake 

 surface." 



Climatolog'ical data for the United States by sections (U. S. Dept. Ayr., 

 Weather Bur. Climat. Data, 4 (1911), Nos. 7, pp. [215'\, pis. S, figs. 3; 8, pp. 

 [215], pis. 3, figs. S). — These numbers contain brief summaries and detailed 

 tabular statements of climatological data for each State for July and August, 

 1917. 



Meteorological records, E. Bueke {Montana Sta. Rpt. 1916, pp. 185-190). — 

 Tabular monthly and annual summaries are given of observations at Bozemart, 

 Mont., during 1916 on temperature, rainfall, cloudiness, and direction of the 

 wind. Data are also given for monthly mean dewpoint, humidity, and vapor 

 pressure from 1902 to 1916, and for daily evaporation and wind movement for 

 June to October, 1916, inclusive. The highest temperature observed during the 

 year was 90° F. July 7, lowest —33° January 27, mean 38.2°, last killing frost 

 in spring June 12, first killing frost in fall September 14, total rainfall 

 21.19 in., greatest monthly precipitation 2.99 in. (May), rainy days (0.01 in. or 

 more) 117, and clear days 155. 



Report of the consulting' meteorologist, J. F. Vookhees {Temicssee Sta. Rpt. 



1913, pp. 161-163, figs. 5).— Charts show the rainfall of Tennessee in 1913 as 

 compared with the normal, also the distribution of the rainfall in different 

 parts of the State. It is stated that " the total rainfall for Tennessee in 

 1913 was only 1 in. below the yearly normal, but the distribution was such that 

 its efficeincy was far below the average. . . . The greater portion of the 

 State had a wet winter and an early spring, followed by the driest growing 

 season on record." The record emphasizes " the need for deep tillage, humus, 

 and a cover crop for catching, conserving, and using the rainfall." 



Report of the consulting meteorologist, J. F. Vookhees {Tennessee Sta. Rpt. 



1914, pp. 285, 286, figs. 5). — Attention is called especially to the deficiency of 

 rainfall throughout Tennessee in 1914, which did serious damage to spring- 

 sown grains, early corn, early potatoes, and other early crops, and emphasizes 

 the advantage of sowing cereals in the fall as well as the need for tillage 

 methods that promote the storage of the surplus rainfall of wet months for 

 use during succeeding dry periods. The results secured in a continuation of a 

 study of the relation of weather conditions to the growth of soy beans and 

 corn carried on at 15 widely separated stations in the State are referred to as 

 indicating " that there is a marked shortening of the period of growth with 

 Increase of temperature; that variation in rainfall has little or no effect on 

 the length of time required for these crops to mature; and that there is some 

 other very important factor whose influence increases as the season advances. 

 This influence increases more uniformly and to a later date than air tempera- 

 ture. It is thought that soil temperature may be this other factor." 



