380 EXPEEIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 38 



horse, mule, and ass) an antiserum which possesses strong precipitating powers 

 for various glanders sera and filtrates of cultures of glanders bacilli, the pre- 

 cipitating substance being specific. The existence of a greater or less individual 

 variation to glanders infection influences the production of antibodies in an 

 inverse proportion. The production decreases progressively in the following 

 order: Horse, mule, ass. 



An animal should not be treated with the virus from the broth or agar 

 culture, since the products appear to be neutralized in vivo by the antibodies. 

 The soluble products from a suspension of Bacillus mallei should be used for 

 the inoculation. 



The precipitin contained in the antiglanders serum produced was found to be 

 thermolabile, being destroyed by heating to from 55 to 60° C. 



Channels of infection and localization in tuberculosis, C. H. Higgins {Jour. 

 Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 52 (1917), No. S, pp. 299-S08) .—From experimental data 

 and cases reported it appears that under certain conditions tuberculosis may 

 be merely a localized infection and the infection thus pass unnoticed even after 

 a careful post-mortem examination. "It is quite apparent that the channel of 

 infection governs to a large degree the localization of the lesions, and that 

 infections observed in glands through which the lymph of an extremity or 

 locality drains is a direct intimation that the infection has taken place in 

 some locality from which the particular gland in question takes up its lymph 

 supply." 



It is noted that greater care should be taken in performing autopsies, and 

 that more accurate records should be kept by all observers. 



Tuberculin test and retest, C. J. Marshall and H. W. Tukneb (Jour. Amer. 

 Vet. Med. Assoc, 52 {1911), No. S, pp. 308-337).— Data, presented show that the 

 best results were obtained when the retest was made about seven days after 

 the original subcutaneous test and in conjunction with the ophthalmic test. 

 Tuberculous animals were found to remain sensitive to tuberculin for a certain 

 length of time after the original injection, the period, however, not being the 

 same in all animals. The original injection of tuberculin is considered to sen- 

 sitize the cells and make them more receptive to the retest tuberculin. 



The authors recommend that in " herds in which there is no history of a 

 previous tuberculin test, the ordinary subcutaneous test should be used on all 

 animals over six months of age. Where 10 per cent or more of them react, 

 a retest should be made with retest and ophthalmic tuberculin in from four to 

 seven days. The semiannual subcutaneous testing of herds should not be con- 

 tinued, as too frequent tests lessen the sensibility of the animals to tuberculin 

 and tlie reliability of the test to the owner. When a semiannual test is re- 

 quired the ophthalmic test only should be used. In animals under six months 

 of age. the intradermal test should be used and where possible it should be 

 combined with the ophthalmic or intrapalpebral test." 



Making' cattle environs free from infection eliminated by tuberculous 

 cattle, J. Traum {Jour. Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, 52 {1917), No. S, pp. 289-299).— 

 Results of experiments by the author, at the California Experiment Station, to 

 determine the resistance of tubercle bacilli deposited on soil, the resistance when 

 underground, and the resistance in water holes are reported. 



The data obtained show that tubercle bacilli in feces and lung discbarges can 

 no longer produce tuberculosis in guinea pigs by inoculation when exposed in 

 the dry season after three months, depending to a great extent, however, upon 

 how soon the medium in which the bacilli are found is freed from moisture. 

 The tubercle bacilli were found to remain alive in water for at least six months. 



The effect of disinfectants upon the tubercle bacilli is briefly discussed, and 

 some experimental results upon the specific effect of hypochlorite solutions on 



