1918] AGEICULTURAL EDUCATION. 397 



The total earnings of vocational agricultural students in the agricultural 

 schools and departments from farm and other work during the periods cov- 

 ered by their school attendance and their farming projects have increased 

 from $11,100 in 1912 by a total of 70 pupils, in 3 schools and 10 departments, to 

 $84,173 by a total of 497 pupils in 3 schools and 18 departments in 1916. The 

 total outlay for State-aided vocational education was $1,032,379 ; net mainte- 

 nance, $2,350,088; and reimbursement, $1,315,946. This includes for agricul- 

 tural schools an outlay of $266,708, net maintenance $198,082, and reimburse- 

 ment $105,517; and for agricultural departments an outlay of $7,933, net main- 

 tenance $50,450, and reimbursement $39,176. The cost of outlay has been borne 

 entirely by municipalities and counties and the cost of maintenance by munici- 

 palities, counties, and the State. 



Nine all-day schools of home economics have been established with a total 

 enrollment of 669 pupils, and embracing worlv in marketing, preparing and serv- 

 ing meals, buying, making, repairing, and caring for clothes, the furnishing 

 and care of the home, the nurture and care of children, home nursing, applica- 

 tion of art and literature in the development of the home, and nonvocational 

 subjects for training in citizenship and general cultui*e. The vocational pro- 

 grams of these schools have been required to occupy 80 per cent of the pupil's 

 time, and the general improvement portion of the program the remaining 20 

 per cent. In a number of these schools substantial progress has been made in 

 partly supervised and carefully organized home project work. Instruction in 

 household arts in evening schools is also given. The total outlay for day 

 household arts classes was $132,542, net maintenance $209,589, and reimburse- 

 ment $119,599 ; for evening household and practical art schools, total outlay 

 $6,679, net maintenance, $138,776, and reimbursement $71,476. 



State-aided vocational agricultural education in 1916 (Bui. Bd. Ed. Mass., 

 No. 5 (1917), pp. 11). — This is a reprint of that portion of the preceding ab- 

 stract relating to agricultural education. 



A suggested course of study for county training' schools for negroes in 

 the South {Trustees John F. Slater Fund Occas. Papers, No. 18 {1911), pp. IS, 

 figs. 56). — This publication embodies the report of a committee appointed at a 

 meeting of State agents of rural schools for negroes held in Nashville, Tenn., 

 in March, 1917. It contains outlines of industrial courses in (1) handwork, 

 manual training, and shopwork, (2) home making, (8) di'awing, and (4) na- 

 ture study, gardening, and agriculture, as well as science courses in health, 

 geography, and general science, and a description of the subjects given. The 

 work is organized on the five-two-ihree plan, i. e., five years of primary work, 

 two of elementary work, and three of secondary work. 



The purpose of the primary work is to give a working knowledge of the 

 "3 R's," manual dexterity, specially in handling and utilizing native mate- 

 rials, and an elementary knowledge of the common industries of the home 

 and farm. Gardening is taught both to boys and girls for its educational 

 value as an introduction to practical science and for its economic value in the 

 home. Home garden and pig projects are recommended. The girls receive one 

 year's instruction in sewing in the fourth year and one in cooking in the fifth 

 year. 



The object of the elementary course is to give a broader knowledge of the 

 common-school studies, together with two years of practical training in indus- 

 trial work for boys and girls. The agricultural work includes text-book work 

 and field practice in the growing of some staple farm crops, while the course 

 for girls includes sewing, cooking (including canning and preserving), and the 

 care of the home. Corn and poultry home projects are recommended for boys 

 and girls respectively. 



