454 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 38 



Lime as a preventive aud remedy for gummosis and brown rot in stone 

 fruits, W. M. Faulknkk ([CorvaUis, Orcy.]: Benton County Courier, 1917, pp. 

 34, jUjs. 3). — Tests carried out for several years are claimed to have shown that 

 slaked lime applied to the roots of young trees as indicated will prevent or 

 cure brov/n rot or gummosis in sour or sweet cherry, also brown rot of prune 

 or peach. The amount to l)e used varies from 1 to 3 tons per acre, according to 

 the degree of sourness of the soil. The same result may be obtained, it is 

 claimed, by the use of 4 or 5 times as much hardwood ashes. 



The fig canker, caused by Phoma cinerescens, E. S. Salmon and H. Wobmald 

 {Ann. Appl. Biol., 3 {1916), No. 1, pp. 1-12, pis. 2, fig. i).— Fig trees of all ages 

 on plantations in the district of Sompting, Sussex, were found in 1914 to be 

 suffering from fungus attacks of two kinds, one of these being a Botrytis 

 causing a die-back which is still under investigation. The other disease is a 

 canker on both the young and the older branches, often close to the ground. 

 The disease is of serious economic importance and may threaten the future 

 of fig growing in this district. The constant occurrence of a fungus with 

 pycnidial fructifications on the cankered area was noted in the field. The 

 causal organism, apparently a wound parasite, has been examined and sup- 

 posedly identified with P. cinerescens. 



Temperatures of the cranberry regions of the United States in relation to 

 the growth of certain fungi, N. E. Stevkns (U. S. Dept. Agr., Jour. Agr. Re- 

 search, 11 (1917), No. 10, pp. 521-529, figs. 3).— Studies have been made of the 

 temperature and rainfall of the principal cranberry regions of the United 

 States in connection with the occurrence of the fruit rots due to Glomerella 

 cingulata and Fusicoccum putrefacicns. 



These fungi were found to vary greatly in their temperature requirements, 

 and this fact is believed to indicate that the problem of their control will be 

 very different on the Pacific coast and in the eastern United States. 



Orange rusts of Bubus, J. C. Arthur {Bat. Gaz., 63 {1917), No. 6, pp. 501- 

 515, fig. 1). — The writer, concurring in the opinion held by Kunkel (E. S. R., 

 37, p. 457) that the two forms of rust on Kubus are distinct and that one is 

 Gymnoconia inter stitialis, has described the other as a new genus and species, 

 Kunkclia nitens. lie discusses the iipcial and the telial form in connection with 

 the hosts used by each form, indicating the geographic range of these two 

 fungi. 



The eflicacy of Bordeaux mixture, V. Vermorel {Compt. Rend. Acad. Agr. 

 France, 3 {1917), No. 3, pp. 80, 8i).— The author, referring briefly to his work 

 with Dantony on grape downy mildew (E. S. R., 38, pp. 153, 154), states that 

 the claim of superiority for acid Bordeaux mixture should be made instead 

 for the alkaline spray, which alone should be employed. A strength of 1 per 

 cent of the alkaline mixture is claimed to be even more efticacious than one of 

 2 per cent of the acid spray. It is claimed that the general adoption of the 

 alkaline spray at the lower concentration would result in a large saving an- 

 nually. Excess of lime is said to be harmless. 



Report on fungus rot [of avocado], W. T. Horne {Rpt. Cal. Avocado Assoc, 

 1915, pp. 13-16). — A brief descriptive account is given of several types of decay 

 and of organisms present, including both fungi (some of which are named) 

 and bacteria. One rot organism in particular is said to be indistinguishable 

 from that causing black rot of apples in the Middle States. It is suggested 

 that this rot may become very important in connection with avocado culture. 



Citrus scab in Porto Rico, J, A. Stevenson {Porto Rico Dept. Agr. Sta. Bui. 

 17 {1917), pp. 16). — A popular account is given of citrus scab, which is particu- 

 larly injurious to grapefruit in Porto Rico, with suggestions for some means 

 of reducing loss. 



