464 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 38 



of American orij^in and the injury caused is quite as severe as in the United 

 States. The species infesting Italian Graminacefe and citrus plants are noted. 

 The concluding: part of the paper reports upon preliminary studies made of 

 several root aphids, namely, Ncorhizohius uhniphilus n. sp. on Ulmus americana 

 and U. campeatris; N. pow n. sp. on grasses; N. stramineus n. sp. on barley; 

 (Schizoneura) Eriosoma nlmi on currant and gooseberry; and the woolly apple 

 aphis. In the course of three years' experiments the author has failed to 

 demonstrate that the spring alates of the woolly apple aphis migrate from the 

 elm to the apple. 



The coccid enemies of the vine in Hungary, J. Jablonowski {Kis^rlet. 

 Kozlcm., 19 {1916), No. 2, pp. 169-2S8, pis. 8, figs. 22; abs. in Internat. Inst. 

 Agr. [ffoHie], Internat. Rev. Sci. and Pract. Agr., 8 {1917), No. 2, pp. 316, 317).^ 

 Six species which infest other agricultural plants are said to be of importance 

 as enemies of the vine in Hungary, namely, Phcnacoccus arcris, Psendococcus 

 adonidum, P. citri, Pulvinaria betul(r, Eulecan'mm corni, and E. pcrsicw. 



Coccidse of the Philippine Islands, Elizabeth Robinson {Pliilippine Jour. 

 ScL, Sect. D, 12 {1911), No. 1, pp. 47, pis. 6).— The author records 73 species 

 representing 25 genera from the Philippines, of which 4 species are described 

 as new. A host index is appended. 



Orchard injury by the hickory tiger-moth, D. Isely ( U. S. Dcpt. Agr. Bui. 

 598 {1918), pp. 14, pis. S). — The present paper is based upon investigations of 

 Halisidota caryce at North East, Pa., during the seasons of 1914, 1915, and 

 1916. This gregarious summer caterpillar, although a general feeder on 

 deciduous trees and shrubs, causes occasional injury in orchards of pomaceous 

 fruits and cultivated walnuts. The species was first described by Harris in 

 1841, since which time many complaints have been made of its injury altliough 

 there appear to be no records of very great destructiveness. It is pointed out 

 by the author that the hickory tiger-moth is the common name which should 

 be applied to this insect since it belongs to the tiger-moth and not to the 

 tussock-moth family. It is distributed over the northeastern United States 

 and the adjacent Canadian Provinces, ranging from the Atlantic Ocean west 

 to Missouri, Minnesota, and Saskatchewan and south to North Carolina and 

 southern Ohio. 



Technical descriptions are given of its life stages, including nine larval 

 instars. Forty-nine host plants are listed for the nearly mature larva, but the 

 number of food plants upon which the larva can develop from egg to pupa is 

 much smaller and appears to be restricted to trees of the walnut and hickory 

 family and to pomaceous fruits. The author has reared larvae from egg 

 to pupa on Japanese walnut, English walnut, black walnut, apple, and pear. 



There is but one generation annually. Pupation takes place in the fall, 

 the winter being passed in the pupal stage on the ground and the moths emerg- 

 ing in the early summer, apparently as early as th^ first of June. From 15 to 

 16 days are required for the egg stage. The duration of the larval feeding 

 period varies greatly and the number of instars varies from 7 to 9. Larvae 

 reared by the author on Japanese walnut in 1915 required from 62 to 85 days 

 from egg to cocoon, with an average of 74.73 days, Vv'hile in 1916 on the same 

 food plant from 80 to 100 days, with an average of 89.04 days, were required. 

 This variation is thought to have been influenced to some extent by the con- 

 siderable difference in the amount of rainfall, there having been an excessive 

 rainfall in 1915. The minimum period required for the development from egg 

 to cocoon was 89 days and the longest 96 days, with an average of 92.87 days. 

 The larvae are gregarious in the early stages and even in the later stages molt 

 together. They begin to scatter the latter part of the fourth stage. 



