572 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.38 



minor ulceration of the tongue, palate, and stomach there was no evidence of 

 an unhealthy nature that might be attributed to the pear ration. It appeared 

 that the mucous membranes of the digestive organs had become thickened as a 

 result of irritation, but there were no lesions of a serious nature. There was 

 no accumulation of fiber in the stomachs. 



From the results of this experiment prickly pear seems to be a complete 

 roughage and hay not required. During the cool weather the animals did not 

 receive any water for 150 days, but when the warm weather set in they drank 

 considerable quantities. 



Prickly pear as cattle fodder. — Experiments in Queensland (Pa si oral Rev., 

 21 {1911). No. 5, p. Ii2o). — A brief summary of the work noted above. 



Oil cakes in the feeding of animals, A. Goihn and P. Andouakd {Jour. Agr. 

 Prat., n. ser., 29 (1916), Nos.'12, pp. 21^, 215; 13, p. 228; U, PP. 241, 242).— 

 This article treats of the feeding of oil cakes (peanut, coconut, sesame, and 

 palm nut) to cattle, pigs, and horses. Where the prices will permit it may re- 

 place hay, oats, and other feeds in the usual ration. Its greater utilization is 

 urged. 



The principal place of the manufacture of oil cakes in France is Marseille, 

 peanut c-ake leading. The production of peanut cake in that city runs about 

 300,000 tons annually, but only about 250,000 tons were produced in 1915. 



Commercial feeds. J. M. Pickel and E. S. Dewab (Bui. N. C. Dept. Agr., SI 

 (1916), No. 11, pp. 55, fig. 1). — During the year 1916, 542 samples of feeds were 

 analyzed, of which 401 were collected. Of the total number 29 per cent were 

 below the guaranties while 14.7 per cent were substantially not so good as 

 claimed by the manufacturer. 



The feeding stuffs analyzed included wheat bran and middlings ; shipstuff ; 

 red dog flour ; mixed feeds with and without molasses ; poultry feeds ; cotton- 

 seed meal and feed ; cracked corn, chop, and meal ; beet pulp ; calf meal ; corn 

 gluten feed ; meat scrap ; rice meal ; peanut meal, cake, and offal ; velvet bean 

 meal ; and soy bean meal. 



A table of relative values of some concentrated cattle foods, O. T. Faulk- 

 ner (.Jour. Dairying [Indial, 3 (1916), No. 2, pp. 86-91). — Analyses, percentages 

 of digestible nutrients, and energy values are given for the following feeds : 

 Gram meal (Cicer arietinum), guar meal (Cyamopsis psoralioides) , moth meal 

 (Phaseolus aconitifolius), mash meal (P. mungo), mung meal (P. radiatus), 

 and juar (Andropogon sorghum). 



The equivalence of live stock foodstuffs and feeding rations, A. J. Perkins 

 (Joiir. Dept. Agr. So. Aust., 19 (1915), Nos. 2, pp. 1 42-151 ; S, pp. 260-266; 19 

 (1916), Nos. 1, pp. 620-621; 10, pp. 900-905).— A. summary of present knowledge 

 of feeds and feeding with tables of analyses and feed values. A comparison is 

 made of the prices of local rations with their estimated values. From prevail- 

 ing conditions and supplies, rations for the various classes of live stock are 

 proposed. 



A study of the normal metabolism of the guinea pig, L. M. Smith and 

 H. B. Lewis (Jour. Amer. Cliem. Soc, 39 (1911), No. 10, pp. 2231-2239) .—The 

 total nitrogen, ammonia, urea, creatinin, chlorids, phosphates, hydrogen-ion 

 concentration, and total acidity of the urine of guinea pigs on diets of carrots 

 and cabbage were determined. 



Form and function, a contribution to the history of animal morphology, 

 E. S. Russell (London: John Murray, 1916, pp. IX-\-383, figs. 15). — This is a 

 history of anatomy, in which the author seeks to show the continuity of animal 

 morphology from Aristotle to the present time. 



