1918.] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 863 



Relation of kinds and varieties of grain to Hessian fly injury, J. W. Mc- 

 CoLLOCH and S. C. Salmon (TJ. S. Dept. Agr., Jour. Agr. Research, 12 {1918), 

 No. 8, pp. 519-521). — This is a preliminary report of investigations conducted 

 at tl)e Kansas Experiment Station. 



Tiie autliors find that the Hessian fly is able to discriminate between different 

 kinds and varieties of grain. "Eggs were laid on all the kinds and varieties 

 of grain studied, but very sparingly on winter oats, winter barley, einkorn, 

 spring emmer, spelt, and durum spring wheat. On the average, fewer eggs 

 were laid on soft winter wheat than on hard red winter wheat, but exceptions 

 in both cases were found. There appeared to be a large mortality of eggs or 

 larvae on all kinds and varieties studied. This appeared to be greatest for rye, 

 einkorn, spring emmer, winter oats, and Illini Cliief wheat. Very few flax- 

 seeds were found on winter barley, and on Beechwood Hybrid, Currell Selection, 

 and Dawson Golden Chaff wheats." 



Early spring Syi-phidae in California and a new Pipiza, W. M. Davidson 

 {Ent. News, 28 (1911), No. 9, pp. 414-419, fig. l).—ln addition to observations 

 on the occurrence of syrphids in spring, the author describes a new species 

 under the name Pipiza calif arnica. The larva of this species is aphidophagous, 

 having been found to feed upon the sexes of Pemphigus, populicaulis. 



Poisoned bait for the onion maggot, N. F. Howard (Jour. Econ. Ent., 11 

 {191S), No. 1, pp. S2-S1, pis. 2). — Tills is a report of investigations carried on 

 by the Bureau of Entomolo.gj' of the U. S. Department of Agriculture in Wis- 

 consin in continuation of those previously noted at the Wisconsin Experiment 

 Station by Sanders (E. S. R., 33, p. 357) and by H. H. P. and H. C. Severin 

 (E. S. R., 34, p. 360). The results obtained have led to the following summary : 



" For two seasons the poisoned bait for the onion fly has given decidedly 

 negative i-esults. Failure was due, to a great degree, at least, to adverse 

 climatic conditions. These conditions are normal to this section of the country, 

 however, and to other onion-growing districts. In sections where the onion 

 tly occurs and where climatic conditions are more favorable to poisoned bait 

 applications, further trial is strongly recommended." 



Meigenia lloralis, a parasite of the black alfalfa-leaf beetle (Colaspidema 

 atrurn), Lecaillon (Cotnpt. Rend. Acad. Agr. France, S {1911), No. 30, pp. 

 SS1-8S5). — This tachinid {M. floralis), a parasite of the asparagus beetle, each 

 year destroys large numbers of the chrysomelid beetle C. atrxim. 



Control of the common white grub, R. T. Cotton {Porto Rico Dept. Agr. 

 Sta. Circ. 12 {1918), pp. 1, figs. 2; Spanish Ed., pp. 1, figs. 2).— A brief summary 

 of information relative to the control of Phyllophaga vandind and P. portori- 

 ccnsis, an account of which by Smyth has been previously noted (E. S. R., 

 38, p. 7G7). Collecting the white grubs and the beetles is said to be the best 

 method of control now known. 



Studies on the life history of two Kansas Scarabaeidae, W. P. Hayes {Jour. 

 Econ. Ent., 11 {1918), No. 1, pp. 136-144). — This is a report of morphological 

 and biological studies at the Kansas Experiment Station of two white grubs, 

 Cyclocephala- villosa and Anomala hinotata. 



The life cycle of C. villosa is one year. Adults appear at lights in June, July, 

 and early August. Eggs, which are laid in soil, hatch in from 9 to 25 days. 

 The winter is passed in the larval stage, which stage was found to average 347 

 days. The pupal stage varied in length from S to 24 days. 



The adults of A. Mtwtata are injurious to fruit-producing plants, and the 

 grubs are minor pests of corn, wheat, and oats. The winter is passed in the 

 adult stage. Eggs are laid in the spring and soon hatch, producing larvte 

 whose average time of development was found to be 83 days. The pupal 



