136 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



of these are grown in the United States. The common edible figs 

 include nearly all of the varieties cultivated in America. Twenty- 

 seven varieties of figs found useful in California are described. 



The necessity for the caprification of Smyrna figs is pointed out and 

 the process described. The climate suitable for fig culture is considered 

 with reference to the different purposes for which the fruit is grown. 

 Most varieties of figs require a rich, moist, loamy. soil with a good per- 

 centage of lime. The trees may be propagated by budding or grafting, 

 but are more readily grown from cuttings made from dormant wood one 

 or two years old. Methods of making these cuttings are described. 

 Budding, where practiced at all, is done in winter when the wood is 

 nearly dormant. Grafting is done in the fall or winter. The method 

 employed, a modification of tbe cleft graft, is described. Trees are 

 sometimes grown from the seed of the Smyrna figs, but varieties can 

 not be reproduced in this way. Fig trees are set either singly or two 

 together, the latter being recommended. Directions for pruning are 

 given. Picking, sulphuring, dipping, drying, sweating, assorting, pull- 

 ing, packing, pressing, and like processes are considered in detail. 



Fig culture in the Gulf States, F. 8. Earle (pp. 23-32). — The fig is prop- 

 agated in tbe South by means of cuttings usually taken from mature 

 wood in winter. Along the coast cuttings are often made in August. 

 The methods used are discussed. Soil, location, cultivation, and 

 manuring are considered. Strong lime soils are best. For the "pine 

 woods" soils manures containing considerable phosphoric acid are 

 recommended. 



The diseases of the fig in the South are briefly discussed. Eoot knot, 

 caused by a very small nematode worm, is the most serious. No 

 effective remedy is known for it. Garden and farm crops are affected 

 very seriously by the disease, acting as a nurse crop for it, and 

 should therefore never be grown in fig orchards. Other diseases of 

 less importance are those caused by the tree borer, the leaf mite, leaf 

 rust, andcercospora. 



Celeste is the most popular variety grown in the South, constituting 

 about nine-tenths of all the figs grown in Louisiana and Mississippi. 

 The canning factories prefer it to the larger and coarser kinds. For 

 hardiness and fruitfulness Celeste, Brunswick, and Brown Turkey are 

 the varieties most commended. Several other varieties are character- 

 ized in the bulletin. 



The uses of figs and methods of preparing and marketing them are 

 discussed at some length. 



A contribution to the physiology of the graft : Influence of stock 

 upon scion, G. Biviere and G. Bailhache (Gompt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 

 Paris, 121 (1897), Xo. 9, pp. 477-480). — The authors report upon the effect 

 of stock upon scion in the case of 2 pear trees which had been grafted 

 upon different stocks, one upon a seedling pear, the other upon a quince. 

 The variety of the pear scions was the Triomphe de Jodoigne and 



