ENTOMOLOGY. 151 



popular impression that these grubs develop in stable manure, the 

 author points out, is erroneous and is due to the faet that the larvae of 

 the shiny beetle [Ghalepus trachypygus), which is found in heaps of old 

 manure, closely resembles the white grub. The best remedies against 

 this pest, the author thinks, are the use of decoy lights and the protec- 

 tion of all insectivorous birds, such as the sea swallow, and the small 

 mammals just mentioned as destructive to the army worm. 



The other insects discussed are the common hairy rose beetle (Eupho- 

 ria inda), the potato beetle (Doryphora decemlineata), the domestic 

 cricket (Grillus domestieus), the box-elder leaf roller (Gaccecia semi- 

 ferana), the grapevine leaf hoppers (Typhlocyba vulneata and T. comes), 

 the celery tree hopper ( Cicadula 4-lineata), the lilac borer (Sesia syringce), 

 the plum gouger (Coccotorus prunicida), and the plum curculio (Cono- 

 trachelus nenuphar). The cricket was reported to have prevented the 

 renting of houses which they had invaded. The box elder leaf roller 

 did considerable damage in 1895 and threatened to do so in 1890, but 

 the rainy weather of the spring mouths proved disadvantageous to 

 their increase. Experiments were made with Paris green and Raupen- 

 leim, which demonstrated that these substances may be recommended 

 as remedies. 



A number of experiments were also made with remedies against the 

 grapevine leaf hoppers. A spray ot kerosene and water seems to have 

 had no immediate effect, nor did a solution of tobacco and soap. A 

 tobacco extract known as Scab Cura sheep dip applied as a spray 

 proved fairly successful when used in the strength of 1 to 10. 



In the second part the author discusses the subject of parasitism, 

 using the term in its widest sense, and then proceeds to consider the 

 parasites first as external and second as internal. Several insects are 

 included which, like Aradustcinnamonieus, the water boatman (Notonecta 

 undulata), the electric light bug(Benacus griseus), Lcemophlceus fasciatus, 

 Myrmica scabrinodis, and the cow killer (Sphceropthalma similima) can 

 only occasionally be considered as parasites. The different genera and 

 the number of species and varieties considered are: Sarcoptes (14), 

 Psoroptes (4),Symbiotes(5),Trombidium (2),Dermanyssus (3),Gamasus 

 (1), Tyroglyphus (2), Chalepus (1), Boophilus (1), Dermacentor (1), Ped- 

 iculus (2), Phthirius (2), Hreniatopiuus (8), Trichodectes (8), Goniodes 

 (6), Lipeurus (9), Menopou (3), Docophorus (2), Ornithobius (1), Trino- 

 tum (3), Pulex (3), Sarcopsylla (2), Melophagus (1), Hippobosca (1), 

 Musca (1), Sarcophaga (2), Campsomyia (1), Stomoxys (1), Glossina 

 (1), Calliphora (1), ILematobia (1), Tabanus (3), Ohrysops (1), Oscinis 

 (2), Simulium (5), Culex (2), Acanthia (2), Aradus (1), Notonecta (1), 

 Benacus (1), Lopidea (1), Lamiophlauis (1), Myrmica (1), Sphuerop- 

 thalma (1), Linguatula (1), Dermatobia (1), Gastrophilus (5), Oestrus 

 (1), Hypoderma (2), Cuterebra (4), and Chionea (1). 



A large number of recipes for dips, ointments, and other remedial 

 measures are given, and the life histories of the different forms are 

 brought out sufficiently to give a fair idea of the best means of treat- 



