FOODS ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



167 



other and the less expensive feeding stnfi's produce as satisfactory 

 gains, and at the same time the animals are in as good condition. 



Investigation of the metabolism of matter and energy of 

 steers on a maintenance ration, O. Kellner et al (Landw. Vers. 

 Stat, 47 (1896), pp. 275-331). — Two experiments were made with full- 

 grown Bavarian steers to study the metabolism of matter and energy 

 on a maintenance ration. This work is regarded by the authors as pre- 

 liminary to a series of investigations on the metabolism of steers under 

 various conditions. 



In experiment I, which was made with steer A, a daily ration of 8.5 

 kg. good meadow hay was fed; and in experiment II, which was made 

 with steer B, a daily ration of 5 kg. of oat straw and 4 kg. of the same 

 hay used m experiment I was led. The food, urine, feces, and respira- 

 tory products were analyzed. The respiratory products were measured 

 by the Pettenkofer apparatus. The analytical methods and apparatus 

 were the same as those used by Kiihn 1 in his experiment with steers. 

 For some time before the experiment proper was begun the steers were 

 fed the same ration under similar conditions, to accustom them to it. 

 After a preliminary period of 5 days, the experiment lasted 15 days. 

 Five days of this period (not consecutive) were spent in the respiration 

 apparatus. The analytical data are given in full in tabular form. The 

 coefficients of digestibility of the feeding stuffs were as follows: 



Coefficients of digestibility. 



The balance of income and outgo of nitrogen and carbon was as 

 follows : 



Balance of income and outgo of nitrogen and carbon. 



From the balance of nitrogen and carbon the authors calculate that 

 steer A gamed 0.039 kg. protein and 0.139 kg. fat, and that steer B 



Landw. Vers. Stat., U (1894), pp. 257-581 (E. S. R., 6, p. 72). 



