190 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



association. Those most frequently noted were Strongylus Jilaria, Trich- 

 ocephahts affinis, and Strongylus contortus, but he is not inclined to 

 attach much importance to these 3 species. The real cause of the 

 trouble he attributes to a small nematode that he describes as a new 

 species under the name of Strongylus eervicornis, which was found in 

 the fourth stomach. To this worm he attributes the disease that car- 

 ried off a large number of lambs in Lincolnshire, Leicestershire, and 

 other counties in 1895 and previously. 



In this species the males as usual are less numerous and smaller than 

 the females, the former being- 0.3 in. and the latter about 0.1 iu. in 

 length. The largest females that he met with were 0.5 in. long. In 

 most respects the worm resembles Strongylus contortus, but is to be dis- 

 tinguished from that form by differences in the shape of the caudal 

 extremity and by the further fact that it is a slightly larger worm. 



Under the head of treatment, experiments with carbolic acid, lysol, 

 turpentine, Fowler's solution, and corrosive sublimate are recorded 

 and the surprising results obtained that the confidence which has gen- 

 erally been placed in them as parasiticides is an entirely mistaken one, 

 for none of them proved to be effective unless used iu such strengths 

 as would be fatal to the host. Two and one-half per cent of turpentine 

 in milk had no serious effect on worms left in it for over 12 hours: 

 neither did a 5 per cent solution upon worms left in it for 2 hours. 

 Worms left for over 12 hours iu Fowler's solution diluted with 10 times 

 its bulk of water were found to be still active. 



The best of the vermicides seems to be lysol, since a 10-minute expo- 

 sure to a 1 per cent solution of this substance in water proved fatal 

 and since halt a pint of such a solution may be given with safety to a 

 six months' old lamb. The inefficacy of the usual remedies is attrib- 

 uted to the density of the cuticle of the adult worms; and, reasoning 

 from this, the author thinks they might be used with success in 

 destroying the eggs or young worms. At least they might still be 

 employed as preventives against infection or to check the multiplica- 

 tion of the worms already within the alimentary tract of an animal. 



Water is regarded as the vehicle by which the worms gain entrance, 

 and this the author emphasizes by advising that lambs be kept off land 

 which has been flooded and that they be not allowed access to stagnant 

 ponds or ditches. 



Parasites of the lungs of sheep, G. T. Brown (Jour. Roy. Agl. 

 Soc. England, 3. ser., S (1897), I, No. 29, pp. 20-38, figs. 12).— The 3 

 nematodes, Strongylus Jilaria, S. rufescens, and Pseudalius ovis, are dis- 

 cussed. After a few general remarks relative to the time of the dis- 

 covery of the hist of these worms, the author briefly reviews the results 

 of Cobbold's experiments, and then proceeds to discuss investigations 

 of his own begun in 1888 and continued down to the present time. In 

 these the conclusions of Leuckhart relative to the ability of S. Jilaria 

 to withstand drying were confirmed, and it was further shown that the 



