426 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



perhaps, if not certainly, was very much affected by the velocity of the wind. There 

 was one point wherein a result of the writer's experiments differed from a correspond- 

 ing one as given by Van Bebber, i. e., that the lower the atmospheric temperature 

 the lower also was the temperature between the woolen shirt and the skin; this was 

 contrary to Rubner's experience. . . . 



"Another point noticed was in connection with the temperature of the body as 

 shown by that taken in the mouth. Upon going outdoors the body temperature 

 always fell, and the fall was greater in proportion to the time of exposure. Further- 

 more, upon returning indoors it did not rise quickly, but 10 minutes afterwards 

 remained as low as the last observation outdoors. Although no systematic observa- 

 tions were made with reference to ascertaining the time required for the body to 

 regain its original degree, yet in the few casual experiments that were made it took 

 from 20 to 30 minutes." 



The standard system of coordinate axes for magnetic and 

 meteorological observations and computations, F. H. Bigelow 



(U. 8. Dept. Ayr., Weather Bureau, Monthly Weather Review, 25 (1897), 

 No. 5. pp. 201-204; Doc. 124, pp. 7). — The coordinate systems employed 

 by 13 different authorities on terrestrial magnetism and meteorology 

 are collected in tables for the purpose of comparison. 



" While there are some variations in the literature of meteorology, Ferrel's system 

 has happily helped to put some of the analytical papers ou the motions of the atmos- 

 phere in an acceptable form. Developing the angle from the north pole, and the 

 angle A toward the east, with radius extended to the zenith, the system jc south, y 



east, z zenith, with w, v, w for velocitv, and , - , for acceleration, gives a nota- 

 ry dt dt ' fo 



tion which, if used by all writers, would reduce the labor of the comparative study 



of the laws of the dynamics of the atmosphere to a minimum." 



Climate of Alaska, A. J. Henry ( U. S. Dept. Agr., Weather Bureau, Monthly 

 Weather Review, 25 (1897), No. 6, p. 248). — A table gives the monthly aud annual 

 mean temperature of 8 coast (from Fort Wrangell to Point Barrow) and 7 interior 

 stations, based on fragmentary series of observations by the Russian Government 

 and by the United States Signal Service during periods varying from 4 months in 

 case of Fort Yukon to 45 years in case of Sitka. For the coast stations the annual 

 mean temperature varies from 7.7° F. at Point Barrow to about 44° F. at Sitka. 



Meteorological record {Minnesota Sta. Rpt. 1890, pp. 457-462). — Tables give the 

 normal monthly and annual temperature and precipitation at 28 stations in the 

 State during periods of 5 or more years, and the mean monthly and annual temper- 

 ature and precipitation at 68 stations during 1896. 



Instructions for voluntary observers, W. L. Moore ( U. S. Dept. Ayr., Weather 

 Bureau, Doc. 119, pp. 22, figs. 10). — "The object of this pamphlet is to furnish volun- 

 tary observers with brief instructions for their guidance in taking and recording 

 observations, more especially of temperature and rainfall." The following topics 

 are discussed: Thermometer exposures and instrument shelter, description of maxi- 

 mum and minimum thermometers and instructions for uniting detached columns of 

 alcohol, instructions for setting up maximum and minimum thermometers, rain 

 gauge, and miscellaneous phenomena. 



Wind-barometer table, E. B. Garuiott ( U. S. Dept. Agr., Weather Bureau, Monthly 

 Weather Review, 25 (1897), Xo. 5, pp. 204, 205 ; Doc. 125, pp. 5). — A table is given which 

 presents "in form for ready reference, atmospheric signs [barometer and wind direc- 

 tion] which have been found to presage certain weather changes and conditions over 

 the middle and upper Mississippi and lower Missouri valleys, the Great Lakes, the 

 Ohio Valley, and the Middle Atlantic and New England States." 



